Researchers offer new insights into how antibodies function against herpes simplex virus

A study by Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine and Thayer School of Engineering investigates how antibodies fight herpes simplex virus (HSV), potentially leading to new neonatal herpes treatments. HSV, affecting the skin and nerves, is caused by two viruses: HSV-1 and HSV-2. While mostly dormant, HSV poses risks for those with weakened immune systems, especially newborns.

Led by David Leib and Margaret Ackerman, the research highlights the vital role of antibody effector functions beyond neutralization against HSV. They found distinct antibody requirements for optimal protection against HSV-1 and HSV-2, crucial for vaccine design. Additionally, promising lab-made monoclonal antibodies offer potential as direct therapies for neonatal herpes, where current treatments are inadequate.

The study uncovers the complexities of antibody responses to HSV, suggesting new therapeutic avenues. By better understanding antibody-mediated protection against HSV, the research aims to improve treatments for neonatal herpes and related complications.