Screening with a PSA test has a small impact on prostate cancer deaths but leads to overdiagnosis, finds study

A study published in JAMA Oncology suggests that routine PSA screening for prostate cancer has limited effectiveness in reducing mortality. Analyzing data from 76,000 men, the research found that while PSA screening modestly decreases prostate cancer deaths, it also leads to significant overdiagnosis and overtreatment, questioning its overall benefits.

The study emphasizes the need to reassess current PSA screening guidelines. Researchers advocate for personalized screening approaches considering individual factors like age and risk profile. This tailored approach aims to minimize the harms associated with unnecessary treatments while still detecting clinically significant prostate cancers requiring intervention.

Going forward, a balanced approach to prostate cancer screening is crucial, balancing the early detection of harmful cancers with avoiding overtreatment. This requires careful consideration of the benefits and risks of PSA screening, with ongoing refinement of guidelines to optimize patient outcomes while minimizing harm.