F-actin Accumulation and Cognitive Decline: In aging fruit flies, buildup of the structural protein F-actin in brain cells disrupts autophagy, leading to cognitive decline.

Genetic Interventions: Researchers prevented F-actin buildup by altering genes related to actin filament accumulation, especially targeting the Fhos gene, which plays a role in filament organization.

Lifespan Extension: Preventing F-actin buildup improved cellular recycling, extended fruit flies' healthy lifespan by 25-30%, and showed improved cognitive and physical functions.

Autophagy Restoration: Reducing F-actin buildup reactivated autophagy to youthful levels, essential for breaking down damaged cell components and maintaining brain health.

Implications for Human Aging: Though not yet demonstrated in humans, the findings provide promising leads for enhancing healthspan and cognitive function by targeting similar mechanisms in humans.