All articles tagged: Medical research

Friends tend to share common interests, tastes, lifestyles, and other traits, but a new Yale-led study demonstrates that similarities among buddies can also include the makeup of the microbes lining their guts.

Females sleep less, wake up more often and get less restorative sleep than males, according to a new animal study by University of Colorado Boulder researchers.

Researchers at Duke University School of Medicine have found that tapping into the nervous system could help reduce the gut inflammation that drives inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

A report released from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Health and Medicine Division addresses the responsible use of race and ethnicity in biomedical research and is a call to action for biomedical research to rethink how it uses race and ethnicity.

A study that investigates low-dose ketamine (LDK) as an adjunct to morphine for treating acute pain has been published in the Academic Emergency Medicine journal.

Patients with cancer could be willing to wait for greater certainty of the benefit of new cancer drugs before they are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), suggests a new study from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), published in The Lancet Oncology.

More than half of psychedelic exposures reported to poison centers across the U.S. between 2012 and 2022 had symptoms that required medical treatment or resulted in residual or prolonged symptoms or death, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. The paper is published in the journal Annals of Emergency Medicine.

During the 1990s, medicinal chemist Anders Hallberg was working in his lab at the Department of Medicinal Chemistry. He was exploring a hormonal system in the body that regulates blood pressure, among other things, by designing different molecules. Thirty years later, one of these molecules has been developed into a drug candidate to treat a severe and incurable disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibro

Millions of people in the U.S. and around the world suffer from urinary tract infections every year. Some groups are especially prone to chronic UTIs, including women, older adults and some veterans.

When pain signals are passed along the nervous system, proteins called calcium channels play a key role. Researchers at Linköping University, Sweden, have now pinpointed the exact location of a specific calcium channel, fine-tuning the strength of pain signals. This knowledge can be used to develop drugs for chronic pain that are more effective and have fewer side effects.

University of Queensland researchers have developed a new class of oral painkillers to suppress chronic abdominal pain that is based on the peptide hormone oxytocin that drives childbirth contractions.

While substantial progress has been made in sharing data from clinical trials, many top-selling medicines still fall short when it comes to making data publicly accessible, according to new Flinders University research.

Researchers from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have developed an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to help speed up the process of matching potential volunteers to relevant clinical research trials listed on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Researchers at the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and Hospital have characterized and developed a new study model using Drosophila that will enable the evaluation of various infectious agents.

In 2017, the CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017 extension was introduced to enhance the reporting transparency of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) formulas. This development aimed to detail the rationale, design, analysis, and interpretation of CHM formula interventions, thereby improving clinical trial execution and advancing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Researchers are exploring how small airway abnormalities in younger smokers could help identify who is at risk of developing COPD and establish how the chronic lung disease progresses. The article is published in the September 2024 issue of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Journal of the COPD Foundation.

Research led by the Royal Women's Hospital, Australia, has found that early intratracheal administration of budesonide mixed with surfactant may have little to no effect on improving survival free of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants.

Recent advances in bladder cancer treatments may offer hope of curative care to more patients, including those with high-risk localized, muscle-invasive disease, according to an editorial published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

A team of medical and environmental researchers at the Medical School of Yan'an University, working with a colleague from Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, has found a link between spontaneous miscarriages and exposure of pregnant people to certain types of air pollution.

Vaccines that prevent smallpox and mpox come in two varieties. One uses a single shot of a live virus but carries the risk of serious side effects; the other, which is newer and made with replication deficient virus, has fewer side effects but requires two doses.

Researchers at City of Hope now understand why taking an investigational white button mushroom supplement shows promise in slowing and even preventing prostate cancer from spreading among men who joined a phase 2 clinical trial studying "food as medicine."

Research by scientists at the University of Sydney has identified a constituent in the cannabis plant that improves sleep. Their report is the first to use objective measures to show the component, known as cannabinol (CBN), increases sleep in rats.

Immune cells are capable of detecting infections just like a sniffer dog, using special sensors known as Toll-like receptors, or TLRs for short. But what signals activate TLRs, and what is the relationship between the scale and nature of this activation and the substance being detected?

The global consumption of psychiatric medication is increasing by 4% annually, with the greatest increase observed in antidepressant use. For people who wish to reduce and/or stop taking medication, there are many gaps and unanswered questions on how best to do this.

The University of Cincinnati's Yasmin Aziz, MD, and Joseph Broderick, MD, coauthored an editorial published on Nov. 7 in the journal Neurology analyzing the current use and potential future of alternatives to traditional informed consent in acute stroke trials.

It's common knowledge that our brains—and, specifically, our brain cells—store memories. But a team of scientists has discovered that cells from other parts of the body also perform a memory function, opening new pathways for understanding how memory works and creating the potential to enhance learning and to treat memory-related afflictions.

Attempts to discover a breakthrough dementia drug might be drawing attention these days, but traditional medicinal products can offer hints for preventive medicine.

Capsaicin, the compound in chili peppers which gives them their spicy taste, may become a source of new, natural drugs for the hard-to-treat Mesothelioma type of cancer.

Why do mice have tails? The answer to this is not as simple as you might think. New research from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) has shown that there's more to the humble mouse tail than previously assumed.

Lifestyle can shape the composition of beneficial bacteria and other microorganisms within the mouth, according to a new study led by Penn State biologists. The international team revealed how the oral microbiome differs over a range of subsistence strategies—from nomadic hunter gatherers to farmers to industrialized groups—and found that lifestyle, as well as specific lifestyle factors like smoki

A research team led by MedUni Vienna has investigated AC102, a new active substance that offers hope of an effective treatment for acute sudden hearing loss. The latest results have been published in the journal Cell Death & Disease. Initial findings from preclinical trials could represent a significant advancement in the treatment of acute hearing disorders.

Stem cells grown in microgravity aboard the International Space Station (ISS) have unique qualities that could one day help accelerate new biotherapies and heal complex disease, two Mayo Clinic researchers say.

Dietary restrictions do not aid treatment of Meniere disease, according to a study published online Sept. 15 in Frontiers in Nutrition.

A randomized controlled trial has shed light on the efficacy of acupuncture as a treatment for refractory irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts quality of life and often resists conventional treatment.

Boys and men carry a greater risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) than women and girls across all age groups, according to a recent study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases.

Cognitive dysfunctions are common symptoms for Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and other disorders of the central nervous system. Most people are familiar with the memory problems as one type of dysfunction, but cognitive dysfunctions encompass other aspects such as language use, complex attention, and social cognition.

When studying the health effects of probiotics and prebiotics, researchers often observe significant variation in responses to these gut-targeting interventions, both between individuals and between study cohorts. However, the impacts of variables that account for personalized responses to a probiotic or prebiotic substance are not known.

A clinical trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has launched to examine the safety and acceptability of a novel rectal HIV microbicide douche containing the antiretroviral drug tenofovir. This "on-demand" HIV prevention approach involves using the microbicide prior to a potential exposure from receptive anal intercourse.

The World Health Organization (WHO) says that it is adhering to standard protocol in pursuing its transgender health guideline, but the process has been criticized for lacking transparency and an association with WPATH—an organization that supports the "gender affirming" approach, including hormones and surgery, for all ages—and is under fire for meddling with its own guideline development.

Researchers from the University of Barcelona and the August Pi y Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) have shown that the IGFBP3 protein plays a relevant role in human lung development.

A study, published in Molecular Psychiatry, led by Prof. Bernard Lerer from the Department of Psychiatry at the Hadassah—Hebrew University Medical Center shows promising results for using psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, as a potential treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette's syndrome. The paper is titled "Striking Long Term Beneficial Effects of Single Dose Psilocybin a

Typical diagnosis of upper urinary tract cancers requires removal of suspicious tissue with forceps, a technically challenging procedure that only samples one region of the organ. Researchers are developing microgrippers that could be deployed throughout the upper urinary tract, which could grab tiny pieces of tissue from hundreds of different areas and potentially facilitate early detection of di

A study published in JAMA reports on data showing that Combination ICS-SABA and ICS-Formoterol asthma treatments are more effective than SAMA-only treatment. Details of the study were presented in a session at the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Annual Scientific Meeting (ACAAI 2024) in Boston.

A team of molecular biologists and other medical specialists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York, working with a large number of international partners, reports evidence that a synthetic vitamin K precursor can be used to slow the progression of prostate cancer in lab mice.

A study led by WEHI and La Trobe University has found a potential new diagnostic marker that could be used to better detect the level of tissue damage in our bodies.

Scientists from the University of Dundee and the University of Vermont have identified two compounds that could lead to effective treatments for cryptosporidiosis (Crypto). The disease disproportionately affects children under the age of five who are experiencing malnutrition, often fatally, making it a leading cause of death among children worldwide.

Nearly three quarters of new non-cancer pain opioid prescriptions were for patients with musculoskeletal conditions, despite limited evidence of the drug's efficacy, according to the largest U.K. study of its kind.

The National Physical Laboratory has published findings from two studies on the methods used to assess the health and suitability of kidneys for transplantation, which could potentially help to increase the number of available transplants. The studies have been published in the journals Transplantation Direct and in Frontiers in Nephrology.

Prostate cancer is a quiet killer. In most men, it's treatable. However, in some cases, it resists all known therapies and turns extremely deadly. Published in the journal Science, a new discovery at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) points to a potentially groundbreaking solution. CSHL Professor Lloyd Trotman's lab has found that the pro-oxidant supplement menadione slows prostate cancer progr

When a neuron ages, it loses synaptic connections with other neurons, it is less able to transmit nerve impulses, and its metabolism is also altered. This process of neuronal aging—inevitable with the passing of time—is particularly accelerated and becomes a risk factor in neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease. But can the effects of aging be reversed in cells as specialized as

Cancer prevalence rates varied widely across vertebrate species and generally increased with higher adult mass and decreased with longer gestation time, according to results published in Cancer Discovery.

Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in Europe. Up to 70,000 new cases are estimated each year in Austria alone. The bacterial infection can cause lasting health problems for patients.

A pioneering study published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences by researchers at Durham University has revealed promising results for a new treatment targeting motor neuron disease (MND).

All animals possess some capacity for repairing and replacing the lining of their intestines, a process called intestinal regeneration. In mammals, including humans, this constant but relatively minor turnover of cells helps the intestine keep up with the daily requirements of eating. It is accomplished by stem cells that originate in intestinal crypts—microscopic depressions in the intestinal wal

A 3D atlas of developing mice brains using advanced imaging and microscopy techniques has been created by a team of researchers at Penn State College of Medicine and collaborators from five different institutes. This new atlas provides a more dynamic, 360-degree picture of the whole mammalian brain as it develops during the embryonic and immediate post-natal stages and serves as a common reference

At the Neurocritical Care Society's (NCS) 22nd Annual Meeting this week, a University of Cincinnati researcher presented Phase 3 clinical trial results finding a new drug is a safe and effective treatment for the most severe and deadly form of epilepsy.

A Phase 3 clinical trial investigating Elevidys (delandistrogene moxeparvovec), a gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, did not achieve its primary endpoint, according to findings published in Nature Medicine. A News and Views piece on the trial was published in the same journal issue.

Yale University researchers have discovered that glucose metabolism plays a critical role in guiding the early development of mouse embryos, revealing that specific metabolic pathways regulate essential cell signaling during key phases of embryogenesis.

An "out-of-this-world" project has the potential to transform the future of tissue engineering and liver transplantation through innovative research conducted aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

Looking for a creative way to quicken your recovery from surgery? The key may be found in listening to music, according to research presented at the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Clinical Congress 2024 in San Francisco, California.

Acute pancreatitis (AP), which affects people of all ages, is one of the leading causes of hospital admission due to gastrointestinal diseases. Approximately 20% of patients develop moderate or severe acute pancreatitis, which carries extremely high mortality and disability rates. Even for those who recover, lifelong complications often follow, significantly affecting their quality of life.

The first randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating the impact of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies on the risk of developing long COVID was led by researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine. The study, published in eClinicalMedicine, details an international, multicenter phase 2/3 clinical trial that found a combination of amubarvimab and romlusevimab did not reduce the occurrence of lo

Do you really know what you look like on the inside? Most people do not, and usually it takes surgery or medical imaging to take a look while we are still alive.

Without proper medical intervention, injuries sustained from traffic collisions, serious workplace accidents or weapons may result in fatal hemorrhaging. University of Central Florida researchers aim to prevent such bleeding in potentially deadly situations with a new hemostatic spongelike bandage with antimicrobial efficacy that they recently developed and detailed in a newly published study in t

A new paper from Elham Azizi's lab and collaborators has been accepted for publication in Genome Research, marking a significant advancement in the study of dynamic single-cell interactions.

Gideon Johnson, a Senior Teaching Fellow in the Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, has been working on a family-led intervention to prevent critical illness brain dysfunction, also known as delirium.

A molecule present in elevated levels in the uterine lining could play a key role in a person's ability to become pregnant, new findings suggest.

In the U.S., millions of people experience cancer every year, but don't have an equal opportunity to access experimental treatments in clinical trials, or to receive treatments that have been shown to be effective in patients like them.

A team at the University of Cordoba and IMIBIC tested the protective effect of a fermented black garlic extract against inflammation and the progression of prostate cancer in a study conducted on human prostate cancer cell models in the laboratory.

The discovery of a surprising way yeast used to brew beer can survive starvation could open the door to new treatments for cancer.

In the last 10 years, some 20,000 or so academic papers have been published on the neuroscience of sex and gender. Perhaps you have read the media coverage of such papers, suggesting there's finally proof that stereotypical abilities such as men being good at reading maps or women excelling at nurturing can be pinpointed in the brain.

Viruses are masters of stealth. From the moment a virus enters the host's body, it begins hijacking its cells. First, the virus binds to a specific protein on the cell's surface through a lock-and-key mechanism. This protein, known as a receptor, facilitates the entry of the virus's genetic material into the cell.

Preeclampsia is a life-threatening pregnancy complication marked by persistent high blood pressure that is even more serious when it occurs early in the first trimester. The exact cause of early-onset preeclampsia is unknown, and it is difficult to predict, prevent and diagnose. Now, in the Journal of Proteome Research, researchers report on six proteins that could be used as targets to diagnose a

For patients with acute brain injury, a liberal transfusion strategy is associated with a lower risk for having an unfavorable neurological outcome, according to a study published online Oct. 9 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the annual congress of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, held from Oct. 5 to 9 in Barcelona, Spain.

Daily multidisciplinary rounds conducted by a board-certified intensivist through telemedicine do not reduce intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) in critically ill adult patients, according to a study published online Oct. 9 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the annual congress of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, held from Oct. 5 to 9 in

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women, with high rates of mortality and morbidity. According to a study published recently in Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, Chinese scientists have revealed a new function of ganoderic acids from Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) for treating breast cancer.

The development of "superhuman" strength and power has long been admired in many cultures across the world.

Genomic surveillance of the evolving SARS-CoV-2 virus has been essential for managing the COVID-19 pandemic, helping researchers identify new variants, track their circulation, and create new vaccines that target the most common emerging variants. The same approach is applied when developing annual flu shots.

Results from a new University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center study show that molecular tumor boards can play an important role in identifying potential inherited cancer risks, leading to better patient care.

New mouse model research led by scientists at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine and Imperial College London explored how nerve cells repair themselves, which could lead to new treatments for nerve injuries.

Researchers from the Color and Food Quality group at the Faculty of Pharmacy (University of Seville), in collaboration with Dr. Marina Ezcurra's group at the University of Kent (U.K.), have shown that the carotenoid phytoene increases the lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and can slow the onset of paralysis associated with the formation of amyloid plaques in a model of Alzheimer's di

Novel research, presented today at the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Congress 2024, has identified key molecular targets that could significantly enhance the healing of both acute and chronic wounds.

A research team from Shenyang Agricultural University, led by Dr. Bin Li, has highlighted the potential of malvidin-3-O-galactoside (M3G), a blueberry-derived anthocyanin, to improve colonic mucosal barrier function and alleviate colitis symptoms. They demonstrated that M3G enhances the integrity of the colonic barrier by regulating key proteins and Notch signaling pathways, suggesting its potenti

A research team identified Ru5 as a potent antitumor agent by screening a panel of ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes containing β-carboline derivatives as ligands. By employing a photoaffinity tag and utilizing the photoaffinity-based protein profiling technology, the researchers successfully elucidated mitochondrial ATPase as the primary molecular target of Ru5.

Aging is an inevitable phenomenon and is accompanied by several comorbidities. To this end, research into the effects of aging has become paramount, and scientists are looking for ways to slow down aging and its detrimental impact on the human body. While aging ultimately causes deterioration in all body systems, the disruption of protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is one of the major underlyin

New research suggests that pigs may function as a transmission vehicle for a strain of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) common in rats that has recently been found to infect humans.

A new study in mice by researchers at the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC) has identified a promising drug combination for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Rosiglitazone plus trametinib worked synergistically to not only induce tumor cell death, but also shift aggressive tumor cells to a more benign molecular subtype.

Researchers at the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (NRI) at Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine recently made an important advance in neurodegenerative disease research and modeling. They created a mouse model that recapitulates the early non-motor symptoms as well as the motor difficulties in Parkinson's disease in a manner that directly mimics the conditio

A new study details how a nasal spray formulated by investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital may work to protect against viral and bacterial respiratory infections. Based on their preclinical studies, the researchers say the broad-spectrum nasal spray is long-lasting, safe, and, if validated in humans, could play a key role in reducing respiratory diseases and safeguarding public health aga

With each breath, a human may inhale thousands of harmful microbes into the lungs. Mucus, the gel-like moist substance coating the airways, is one of the first lines of defense and aids in removal of these microbes. It entraps bacteria, viruses, dust and pollen to protect the lungs, and the mucus is moved up and out of the airways by the beating of tiny hair-like projections called cilia.

Results of a world-first phase 3 trial for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), led by UCL researchers, have shown that the commonly used high-cholesterol drug simvastatin cannot slow disability progression.

A review by the American College of Physicians (ACP) of performance measures designed to evaluate quality of care for those adults suffering from pain found three of six measures relevant to internal medicine physicians to be valid.

Researchers leading the SWOG S1712 clinical trial have found that adding ruxolitinib to standard tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment for patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) significantly increased the percentage of patients who had a molecular response deep enough to warrant discontinuing treatment.

Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat. Modern health systems rely on antibiotics to prevent and treat infections, and the need for new drugs is urgent. In a joint call to action, the AMR Accelerator projects ask for long-term investments, emphasizing the need to preserve the European capacity for antibiotic research and development (R&D) by sustaining the assets, expertise, and re

Experts from the University of of Dundee's Centre for Targeted Protein Degradation (CeTPD), working with Boehringer Ingelheim scientists, have developed a breakthrough small-molecule drug, a "protein degrader."

A group of researchers at the University of Kentucky have found a mechanism that would explain why men develop more aortic aneurysms than women.

Medical science has long been on the hunt for a deeper understanding of the devastating scarring of the body's organs known as fibrosis, which leads to irrevocable loss of function.

Sepsis is one of the most common life-threatening conditions in intensive care units, with approximately 48.9 million cases reported worldwide in 2017, accounting for 19.7% of total global mortality. Given the severity of sepsis, the World Health Organization has classified it as a global health priority.

Red blood cells are the most abundant cells in the body. It has long been known that when red blood cells break down or anemia occurs due to bleeding, the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) increases, leading to the proliferation of immature cells (erythroblasts) that eventually become red blood cells, thus restoring the red blood cell count.

For the first time, scientists are able to directly compare the different kinds of injury that mechanical ventilation causes to cells in the lungs.

Researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and their collaborators have identified a protein, known as RNF114, that reverses cataracts, a clouding of the eye's lens that occurs commonly in people as they age. The study, which was conducted in the 13-lined ground squirrel and rats, may represent a possible surgery-free strategy for managing cataracts, a common cause of vision loss. The

After a spinal cord injury, nearby cells quickly rush to action, forming protective scar tissue around the damaged area to stabilize and protect it. But over time, too much scarring can prevent nerves from regenerating, impeding the healing process and leading to permanent nerve damage, loss of sensation or paralysis.

A team of medical researchers has found via analysis of patient data from multiple sources, that many diseases that have been thought attributable to loneliness are more likely due to other causes. The work is published in the journal Nature Human Behaviour.

Special fat cells known as brown adipocytes help maintain body temperature by converting calorie-rich nutrients into heat. This protects us from gaining excess weight and from metabolic disorders.

A team of biologists affiliated with multiple institutions in China, working with a colleague in the U.S., has found that giving cynomolgus monkeys the diabetes drug metformin can reduce aging in multiple organs, including the brain.

As society ages, the number of patients with heart failure is rapidly increasing. Excessive growth of fibrotic tissue in the heart, known as fibrosis, is associated with the progression of heart failure. A group from the Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan has found an enzyme protein kinase N (PKN) that regulates heart fibrosis. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of heart fibro

AMeD syndrome is a severe genetic condition found in children that presents with accelerated aging, global developmental delay and bone marrow failure, progressing to myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.

Harvard stem cell biologists have pioneered a groundbreaking 3D organoid culture method for generating large numbers of adult skeletal muscle satellite cells, also known as muscle stem cells, in vitro.

A study led by researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus reveals that stress-induced changes in sperm motility occur after a stressful event, rather than during it and improves sperm performance. The discovery is essential in understanding how stress impacts the reproductive process to improve fetal development outcomes.

Investigators are constantly aiming to identify new therapeutic approaches for regenerative medicine. Recent strategies have focused on harnessing the power of the body's own tissue healing and repair mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory signaling molecules and immune cells.

Four researchers working in the United States are sharing a $1 million prize from a Portuguese foundation for their work on how the human brain distinguishes faces, shapes and colors.

In the midst of America's growing opioid crisis, a much healthier alternative to long-term pain management is emerging—one affectionately known as "the cuddle hormone," or oxytocin.

Cancer cells are driven by the same imperative guiding all living things: to grow, survive and reproduce. Although cancer's evolutionary underpinnings have been recognized since the 1950s, clinicians have been slow to apply the lessons of evolution to the fight against this deadly disease, which remains the second-leading cause of death, claiming 9.7 million lives worldwide in 2022.

A multi-institutional team of ovarian biologists and other reproductive specialists reports that putting an oocyte from an older mouse into the follicle of a young mouse can rejuvenate the oocyte, allowing for the release of an egg on par with those of a young mouse. The results are published in the journal Nature Aging.

Many clinical trials of new cancer drugs may be inappropriately excluding some people with "Duffy-null phenotype," a trait found predominantly in people of African or Middle Eastern descent, researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Queen Mary University of London report in study published in JAMA Network Open.

Excess abdominal fat is associated with widespread chronic pain, particularly in women, finds the first study of its kind, published in the open access journal Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine.

Violent blows or jolts to the head can cause traumatic brain injury (TBI), and there are currently about five million people in the U.S. living with chronic neurodegeneration and related impairments due to TBI. In addition to cognitive and mental health impairment, chronic neurodegeneration may also contribute to why TBI increases the risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheim

A Phase III study comparing tusamitamab ravtansine with docetaxel in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy (in combination or sequential), whose tumors highly expressed CEACAM5, was presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer in San

The ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) taletrectinib demonstrated high overall and intracranial responses, and a favorable safety profile with low incidence of neurologic adverse events in TKI-naive and TKI-pretreated patients with ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Skin pigmentation disorders affect people across the world. One of them, vitiligo, is said to have a worldwide incidence of 1–2%. What causes the loss of pigmentation in vitiligo has long been unclear, but an Osaka Metropolitan University-led team has uncovered clues to the mechanism behind the disorder.

People tend to continue with unproven treatments even if there's no evidence to suggest an initial marginal improvement in symptoms is anything more than a potential coincidence, a new study has found.

Scientists from the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR) have identified key changes to both chromosome structure and gene expression that affect stem cell function during aging. Using fruit flies, they found that these changes led to stem cell exhaustion, which prevents stem cells from multiplying.

World Trade Center (WTC) exposure is associated with increased DNA methylation, which may contribute to breast cancer, according to a study published in the June issue of Environmental Epidemiology.

Even when air pollutant concentrations decrease, the health risks posed by these pollutants can remain consistently high. This is the conclusion of an international study conducted under the leadership of researchers from Helmholtz Munich.

The most frequently used mpox vaccine provides partial immunity to the disease but isn't always able to prevent severe symptoms or disease transmission. A new vaccine candidate from Moderna, mRNA-1769, more effectively limits symptoms and disease duration in primates that were infected with a lethal strain of the mpox virus when compared to a currently licensed modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vacci

Sleep, fasting, exercise, green porridge, black coffee, a healthy social life—there is an abundance of advice out there on how to live a good, long life. Researchers are working hard to determine why some people live longer than others, and how we get the most out of our increasingly long lives.

In a recent development in Alzheimer's disease research, Auburn University scientists have studied a new drug, troriluzole, that can prevent brain changes leading to memory loss and cognitive decline in a mouse model of the disease. This study, published in the Journal of Neurochemistry, is the first to show how troriluzole can target early-stage alterations associated with Alzheimer's, providing

A new approach to manufacturing cells that secrete and deliver therapies to specific parts of the body has taken a big step toward one day repairing joints and damage after heart attacks, countering transplant rejection and healing currently untreatable lung conditions.

Artificial intelligence (AI), in various forms, has burst onto the scene in both society and medicine. Its role in medicine is still evolving, but undoubtedly, it will assist in the evaluation of images (radiographs, pathological reports, videos of colonoscopy,) as well as in preparing discharge summaries, consultative evaluations and diagnosis. It may also help in the long-awaited goal of precisi

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide, following lung cancer. In the United States alone, nearly 300,000 new cases are diagnosed annually. While reducing testosterone and other male hormones can be an effective treatment for prostate cancer, this approach becomes ineffective once the disease progresses to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). At th

Fatigue is a common and often debilitating companion for people with inflammatory bowel conditions. Now, a new Danish study provides insight into why vitamin B1—also known as thiamine—helps some patients regain their energy, while others do not experience the same effect. The findings are published in the journal Gastro Hep Advances.

A research team from the School of Engineering of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) has developed an innovative magnetic actuation platform that enables the one-step formation of sperm-like "micro-robots," demonstrating excellent motility and efficient performance in precise drug delivery.

Health care is a leading contributor to the world's carbon footprint. New analysis on the environmental impact of two common heart procedures shows it is possible to make changes within cardiac care, without compromising on quality of health care.

Melbourne researchers have made a world first breakthrough in creating blood stem cells that closely resemble those in the human body. And the discovery could soon lead to personalized treatments for children with leukemia and bone marrow failure disorders.

We all know the adage, "You can't teach an old dog new tricks." As we age, our ability to learn new skills, like mastering a foreign language or picking up a musical instrument, seems to fade. The culprit? A decline in brain plasticity—the brain's capacity to rewire itself and adapt to new challenges.

Researchers from Flinders University and University of South Australia have unveiled a promising new strategy that could be used to treat the most aggressive forms of prostate cancer. Their study, published in British Journal of Cancer, explores the role of a novel drug, CDKI-73, to tackle drug-resistant prostate cancer that defies conventional therapies.

A study by an international research collaborative reports a stunning blood modification method that not only protects red blood cells for perfusion-based transplant organ cryostorage, but could make blood types cross-compatible and eventually enable blood transfusions between species. The breakthrough is reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and if the study's claims ar

To the known risk factors for cardiovascular disease—high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, overweight and obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity—a new one has to be added, clonal hematopoiesis. This condition is triggered by acquired mutations in blood stem cells and was already known to be associated with an elevated cardiovascular risk.

In light of the ongoing threat posed by new viruses following the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which led to the COVID-19 pandemic, new antiviral drugs continue to be developed to effectively block viral entry into the human body.

S6K1 is a protein involved in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases. Blocking this protein in mice makes them live longer and mimics the health benefits of reducing calorie intake, such as reduced body fat, stronger bones and resistance to diabetes, though the underlying mechanisms were not previously understood.

Sexual reproduction is protected by a sophisticated network of regulatory systems functioning in a coordinated manner. Within this framework, some of the most important molecules are kisspeptins, proteins produced mostly in the hypothalamus and that play a crucial role in the regulation of the reproductive system. Recent research coordinated by the University of Cordoba and the IMIBIC has managed

University of Iowa researchers have defined how people recognize words. In a new study with people who use cochlear implants to hear, the researchers identified three main approaches that people with or without hearing impairment use to recognize words, an essential building block for understanding spoken language. Which approach depends on the person, regardless of hearing aptitude or ability: So

In a study providing important new insights into the development of the female reproductive tract and fertility, researchers have revealed how the thickness of fluid surrounding the egg can impact the cellular structure of the fallopian tube and how well the egg or embryo travels along it.

Research presented in Frontiers of Medicine delves into the regulatory role of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ZNF593-AS in cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial remodeling, processes that are pivotal in the progression of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases.

Pain is a necessary biological signal, but a variety of conditions can cause those signals to go awry. For people with chronic pain, the root is often faulty signals emerging deep within the brain, giving false alarms about a wound that has since healed, a limb that has since been amputated, or other intricate, hard-to-explain scenarios.

New insights into the biology of kidney cancer, including those informed by scientific discoveries that earned a Nobel Prize, have led to advances in treatment and increased survival rates, according to a review by UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center's William Kim, MD, and Tracy Rose, MD, MPH.

People who are taller are at greater risk of developing cancer. The World Cancer Research Fund reports there is strong evidence taller people have a higher chance of developing cancer of the:

Even before the coronavirus pandemic, high rates of burnout and staffing shortages plagued the nursing industry, primarily because of the stressful demands of the job. The COVID-19 pandemic only amplified these challenges, and with nearly a third of all Missouri nurses nearing retirement, improving nurse retention is key to avoiding an impending nursing workforce crisis in our state.

So-called low-intensity blood stem cell transplants, which use milder conditioning agents than standard stem cell transplants, do not appear to damage the lungs and may help improve lung function in some patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), according to a three-year study of adults who underwent the procedure at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

A recent study investigates the role of the deubiquitinase OTUB1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) within the context of atherosclerosis, a disease characterized by lipid accumulation and plaque formation in arteries. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with VSMCs playing a significant role in its development. The research explores the potential o

Blinding diseases lead to permanent vision loss by damaging photoreceptor cells, which humans cannot naturally regenerate. While researchers are working on new methods to replace or regenerate these cells, the crucial question is whether these regenerated photoreceptors can fully restore vision.

Austocystin D, a natural compound produced by fungi, has been recognized for its cytotoxic effects and anticancer activity in various cell types. It exhibits potent activity even in cells that express proteins associated with multidrug resistance, attracting significant global research interest.

In looking for new ways to fight breast cancer, scientists from Duke-NUS Medical School have unmasked a surprising role of a protein generally associated with cancer growth. They have discovered that in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, this protein acts as a tumor suppressor instead.

A new study from The Ohio State University College of Medicine shows that the way paramedics help people breathe before they get to the hospital is changing.

A research team from University of Tsukuba has developed an innovative method to quantify stress using Integrated Information Theory. This approach comprehensively evaluates biological signals and has demonstrated a strong correlation with subjective stress reports, especially in relation to feelings of boredom. This suggests that the method may serve as a comprehensive measure of stress, encompas

Researchers at Rutgers University in New Jersey have discovered that a protein produced by parasitic worms in the gut enhances wound healing in mice. The study, appearing in the journal Life Science Alliance, reveals that applying the protein to skin wounds speeds up wound closure, improves skin regeneration, and inhibits the formation of scar tissue. Whether the protein can be harnessed to enhanc

An estimated 462 million people around the world suffer from type 2 diabetes, a chronic disease in which the body has problems using sugar as a fuel, leading to a buildup of sugar in the blood and chronic health issues.

University of Queensland researchers have discovered a mechanism in DNA that regulates how disease-causing mutations are inherited. The research paper has been published in Cell Metabolism.

A study appearing in Journal of Bioethical Inquiry explored the legal and ethical challenges expected to arise in human brain organoid research.

In the first 24 hours after a python devours its massive prey, its heart grows 25%, its cardiac tissue softens dramatically, and the organ squeezes harder and harder to more than double its pulse. Meanwhile, a vast collection of specialized genes kicks into action to help boost the snake's metabolism fortyfold. Two weeks later, after its feast has been digested, all systems return to normal—its he

A research paper recently published in eLife identifies the function of a less-understood cell protein referred to as MEMO1. Dr. Oleg Dmitriev (Ph.D.), a professor in the department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and oncology professor Dr. Franco Vizeacoumar (Ph.D.) in USask's College of Medicine were two of the authors of the study.

Homicide is a major reason behind lower and more variable reduction in life expectancy for Black rather than white men in recent years, according to a new study published August 21, 2024 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Michael Light and Karl Vachuska of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S..

A small team of psychologists and public health specialists from the University of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Old Dominion University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison has found via analysis of data from several studies that most implicit bias training efforts suffer from flawed methodology and translational gaps that compromise their integrity.

A research team from Université Laval has shown the benefits of camu-camu on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects over seven million people in Canada. This exotic fruit reduces liver fat levels.

A review published in the journal Molecular Biomedicine provides a comprehensive overview of the METTL family, a group of methyltransferase-like proteins crucial for cellular function. METTL family members are widely distributed across the cell nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. They play a vital role in regulating gene expression by transferring methyl groups to DNA, RNA, and proteins, thereby

Atherosclerosis, a major cause of mortality worldwide, involves an overgrowth of vascular smooth muscle cells in the blood vessels, constraining blood flow and potentially causing cardiovascular diseases.

Scientists are finding clues on how to treat diabetes and hormone disorders in an unexpected place: a toxin from one of the most venomous animals on the planet.

A study led by investigators at the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that Manuka honey could potentially be an alternative, natural option for breast cancer prevention and treatment—particularly for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, the most common subtype of breast cancer that accounts for about 70–80% of all breast cancer cases.

Potatoes are often considered to be less healthy compared to other vegetables. In 2000, Dr. Fedon A. Lindberg created a stir in Norway when he announced that a large proportion of the population ought not to eat so many potatoes. Many of us can gain weight and develop type 2 diabetes, he believed.

Rutgers researchers have found a new way to manage the receptors that control the sense of touch, which could lead to treating chronic pain more effectively.

This southeast Minnesota city could soon be at the forefront of efforts to use genetically modified pig organs for human transplants.

Moffitt Cancer Center researchers have developed a novel reagent that enhances the precision of drug synthesis. This innovative method, published in Nature Communications, introduces a new sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) reagent that allows for highly controlled production of crucial sulfur-based molecules, including sulfinamides, sulfonimidamides and sulfoximines.

Scientists at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have identified a new class of RNAs packed into tiny particles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs) that could revolutionize how cancer and other diseases are diagnosed. The team found that these molecules undergo changes when cancer is present, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer or as targets for therap

A recent study, led by Professor Wu (Wenzhou Institute University, Wenzhou Medical University) and Professor Huang (Northeastern University), explores liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), a phenomenon closely associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The research is published in the journal MedComm.

The treatment of patients with severe COVID-19 following SARS-CoV-2 infection remains difficult. Severe inflammatory reactions and thrombotic complications (blood clots) in particular can be life-threatening. Classic anticoagulants such as heparin often cannot prevent these complications.

A new review was published as the cover paper of Aging, titled "Types of cell death and their relations to host immunological pathways."

Over the past few decades, scientists have generated a pile of evidence suggesting that a diet rich in saturated fats is enough to cause heart diseases. Besides other problems like diabetes and atherosclerosis, saturated fats have also been linked to life-threatening arrhythmias.

A large, multi-institutional team of medical researchers reports that giving anorexic mice the peptide ACBP stimulated eating. In their paper published in the journal Science Translational Medicine, the group describes their study of the binding protein and its role in stimulating hunger in mice.

Over half of people with iron deficiency were found to still have low iron levels three years after diagnosis, and among patients whose condition was effectively treated within that timeframe, they faced longer-than-expected delays, pointing to substantial gaps in appropriate recognition and efficient treatment of the condition, according to a study published in Blood Advances.

A new paper finds that bone fracture rates in older women differ by race, quite significantly. While researchers have known for years that the risk of bone fracture is highest for White women, this is the first study to show the real fracture rate for Asian and Hispanic women.

An analysis of 12 years of data collected from over 500 hospitals in 25 different states shows that weather, geographic location, and urban or rural location all appear to influence hospitalizations for waterborne infectious diseases, according to a study published August 7, 2024 in the journal PLOS Water, by Victoria Lynch and Jeffrey Shaman from Columbia University.

Researchers have developed an industry-standard tool to facilitate drug development and translational research in collaboration between labs at Karolinska Institutet and the Gygi Lab at Harvard Medical School. Their results are published in Advanced Science.

In a preliminary study with a small number of humans, rabbits and mice, researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center say they have developed four new regimens that have the potential to treat and save the lives of people with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculous (TB) meningitis.

If it's ever felt like everything in your body is breaking down at once, that might not be your imagination. A new Stanford Medicine study shows that many of our molecules and microorganisms dramatically rise or fall in number during our 40s and 60s.

With aging, collagen and elastin in the skin decrease, leading to sagging, fine lines and deep wrinkles. These changes often arise from oxidative stress, inflammation, and changes in enzyme activities.

A research team led by Prof. Li Lei and Prof. Liu Chang from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has revealed the significant systemic health impact of microplastic (MP) exposure, using the terrestrial model organism Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly). The study was published in Zoological Research.

Clinical trials for treatments to prevent recurring strokes typically only include participants who have little to no disability from a prior stroke. A new Yale study finds that leaving patients with such disability out of trials may limit what can be concluded from their results.

All mammals have mammary glands that produce milk, a feature that has fascinated scientists for many years. Questions such as why mammary glands evolved in the first place, how they have adapted across different species and what unique evolutionary pressures shaped their development remain largely unanswered.

Radiation is a powerful tool for treating cancer, but prolonged exposure can damage the skin. Radiation-induced skin injuries are painful and increase a person's chances of infection and long-term inflammation. Now, researchers in ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering report an aspirin-containing hydrogel that mimics the nutrient-rich fluid between cells and accelerates healing of skin damaged by

In a new study, researchers with the Advanced Science Research Center at the CUNY Graduate Center (CUNY ASRC) have identified a distinct histone tag in adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) that may pave the way for innovative therapies targeting myelin repair, a critical target for several neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and

Our skin–the body's largest organ–provides the first line of defense against infections and many other threats to our health. Decades of research has shown that a wide range of diseases can occur, or become worse, when the skin cannot form an effective barrier.

A research group at the University of Bologna has identified, for the first time, the specific location and genomic context where DNA breaks occur due to the inhibition of the topoisomerase I, a protein crucial for many biological processes in cells. The results, published in the journal Science Advances, could lead to significant advances in the development of new cancer treatments.

Substance use disorder is a major concern with few therapeutic options. In 2019, close to 20.4 million people were diagnosed with substance use disorder, and nearly 71,000 people died of an overdose, with cocaine and methamphetamine (meth) responsible for approximately 15,000 deaths that year.

A multi-institutional team of biochemical engineers has developed an exosome-based delivery system that can carry beneficial proteins into cells to allow new kinds of medical treatments. Their paper is published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

Science Translational Medicine has published a study by researchers from the Institute of Biology Leiden (IBL) on a potent new antibiotic that can overcome resistance. "The idea was to tweak the original antibiotic and create a next-generation drug," says Nathaniel Martin, professor of Biological Chemistry. He is already considering ways to bring the new antibiotic to market.

The amino acid taurine, a common ingredient in energy drinks, is one of the most abundant amino acids in humans, where it plays key roles in our muscles, our brains, and in the mitochondria that power all our cells. Research suggests that taurine may play a beneficial role in human health, but the mechanisms have long been murky.

Data from a new investigational drug that could alter the standard treatment for a rare blood disease suggests it has the potential to delay or prevent anemia and the need for intrauterine blood transfusions in babies who are at high risk for the condition, known as Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN). Results of the Phase 2 clinical trial of the drug nipocalimab were published today

Columbia University's Division of Ethics Chief Sandra Soo-Jin Lee, Ph.D., is lead author of a new target article in The American Journal of Bioethics, titled "Racial Equity, Diversity and Inclusion in Bioethics: Recommendations from the Association of Bioethics Program Directors Presidential Task Force." This pivotal work responds to urgent calls for addressing racism within bioethics, highlightin

Researchers at the Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG) have discovered a treatment which accelerates the production and quality of pluripotent stem cells in mice. The discovery has the potential to improve disease modeling and drug testing for individuals with two X chromosomes; women, transgender men or men with an extra X chromosome in Klinefelter Syndrome.

Increasing ventilation in child-care settings may not always be effective at preventing flu virus spread, according to a new study published by a team of researchers at Emory University, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and Virginia Tech.

Everyone wants to live to a ripe old age, but no one wants to be decrepit. Now, University of Connecticut researchers have demonstrated a treatment that could lengthen life—and vigor—up to the very end.

Researchers have identified variants in a gene that influences the likelihood of smokers developing abnormal dreams while taking a medication to help them quit.

The Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) has just released its much-anticipated landmark statement advocating for sex, gender, variations of sex characteristics and sexual orientation to be routinely considered in health and medical research.

Alzheimer's disease, a debilitating brain disorder with limited treatment options, has long challenged researchers. Specifically, researchers have struggled with slowing the buildup of amyloid beta plaques, harmful clumps of proteins that exacerbate the disease by damaging brain cells and causing memory loss.

Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys and Salk Institute for Biological Studies have uncovered a new role for a protein known for its role in the brain helping control feelings of hunger or satiety, as well as in the liver to aid the body in maintaining a balance of energy during fasting. The new study shows that this protein also supports the maintenance of heart structure and function, but when i

Emory researcher David Weiss has spent years studying a baffling phenomenon called heteroresistance, in which a tiny fraction of bacteria remain resistant to antibiotics, while the remainder succumb. Recently, he brought his scientific acumen to the equally deadly threat of fungal bloodstream infections in patients receiving bone marrow transplants. Bloodstream infections can be lethal in these pa

Injuries, infection and inflammatory diseases that damage the spinal cord can lead to intractable pain and disability. Some degree of recovery may be possible. The question is, how best to stimulate the regrowth and healing of damaged nerves.

A research group led by Associate Professor Katsuya Sakai, Researcher Nichole Marcela Rojas-Chaverra, and Professor Kunio Matsumoto of the Cancer Research Institute and Nano-Life Science (WPI-NanoLSI) at Kanazawa University has developed a long-acting, subcutaneously injectable artificial hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mimetic molecule using a fusion technology of cyclic peptides and protein engin

Researchers constantly seek innovative approaches to tackle cancer. One concept gaining traction is antifragility, a property where systems not only withstand stress but improve because of it. In cancer research, this concept is particularly relevant for tumors that adapt and evolve in response to treatment. Understanding antifragility could lead to more effective therapies.

A clinical trial at Oregon Health & Science University suggests that a subset of older adults with a genetic predisposition to Alzheimer's disease may benefit from fish oil supplements.

A study published in Nature reveals the functional relevance of tumor-neuron interactions that regulate the growth of ependymoma brain tumors. The study, conducted by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, highlights how neuronal signaling, modifications in DNA-associated proteins and developmental programs are intertwined to drive malignancy in brain