All articles tagged: Pathology

U.S. health officials announced Tuesday that the federal government will pay Moderna $176 million to speed development of a pandemic flu vaccine based on mRNA technology.Such a vaccine could be used to treat bird flu in people, as concern grows about H5N1 cases spreading in dairy cows across the country, the U.S. Department of Health a

The mean cost of developing a new drug for the U.S. market is estimated to be $879.3 million when both drug development failure and capital costs are considered, according to a study published online June 28 in JAMA Network Open.Aylin Sertkaya, Ph.D., from Eastern Research Group Inc., in Lexington, Massachusetts, and colleagues ass

For individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD), the emergence of psychosis is associated with elevations in levels of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181), according to a study published online June 26 in JAMA Psychiatry.Jesus J. Gomar, Ph.D., and Jeremy Koppel, M.D., from the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research in Ma

As bird flu continues to spread among U.S. dairy cows, reassuring new government research finds the pasteurization process widely used in the industry effectively kills all bird flu virus in milk.In a health update poste

The spread of H5N1 avian flu to dairy cows has health experts and many Americans on edge, and now a new study finds the virus stays viable on milking equipment for at least an hour.“Dairy cows have to be milked even if they are sick, and it has not been clear for how long the virus contained in residual milk from the milking process remains stab

Rare predicted loss-of-function (pLOF) variants and a polygenic risk score (PRS) are associated with increased atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, according to a study published online June 26 in JAMA Cardiology.Oliver B. Vad, M.D., from Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet in Denmark, and colleagues examined rare pLOF variants as

The gut microbiome has a potential functional role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a study published online June 25 in Nature Medicine.Zhendong Mei, Ph.D., from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and colleagues analyzed 8,117 shotgun metagenomes from 10 cohorts of individuals with T2D, prediabetes, and

The cumulative risk for advanced gastric cancer varies from 6.5 to 10.3 percent for carriers of germline CDH1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants, according to a study published online June 14 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with presentation at the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortiu

Cognitive impairment is delayed among persons who are heterozygous for the apolipoprotein E3 Christchurch variant (APOE3Ch), according to a study published in the June 20 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Yakeel T. Quiroz, Ph.D., from Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, and colleagues analyzed data

A deadly bacterial infection known as streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is spreading across Japan, officials in that country report.In March, Japan's National Institute of Infectious Diseases issued its first warning&nbs

In 2023, 7.6 percent of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population was uninsured, according to early estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 2023, released by the National Center for Health Statistics.Robin A. Cohen, Ph.D., from the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, and colleagues used data from

In a success story for Americans seeking affordable healthcare coverage, tax credits put in place during the pandemic helped millions gain health insurance, a new report found.Trouble is, the credits are set to expire at the end of 2025, noted a research team from the nonprofit Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJ).According to RWJ's <a h

Past-year Papanicolaou testing rates were lower in 2022 than in 2019, overall, and lower rates were seen in rural versus urban women, according to a study published in online June 14 in JAMA Network Open.Tyrone F. Borders, Ph.D., and Amanda Thaxton Wiggins, Ph.D., from the University of Kentucky in Lexington, examined receipt of a Papan

Second tumors are rarely seen after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, according to a study published in the June 13 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Mark P. Hamilton, M.D., Ph.D., from Stanford University in California, and colleagues examined the occurrence of second tumors after CAR T-cell therapy since 2016.

Health care spending growth is projected to outpace that of the gross domestic product (GDP) during the coming decade, according to a study published online June 12 in Health Affairs.Jacqueline A. Fiore, Ph.D., from the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services in Baltimore, and colleagues projected growth in national health expend

Select patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) may benefit from mesenchymal stem cell-neural progenitors (MSC-NPs), according to a study published online May 23 in Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy.Violaine K. Harris, Ph.D., from the Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York in New York City, and colleagues conduct

Generation X is experiencing larger per-capita increases in the incidence of cancers than Baby Boomers, according to a study published online June 10 in JAMA Network Open.Philip S. Rosenberg, Ph.D., and Adalberto Miranda-Filho, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, estimated invasive cancer incidence trends

A U.S. Food and Drug Administration advisory panel voted unanimously on Monday to recommend that the benefits of a new drug for Alzheimer's outweigh its harms, which can include brain swelling and bleeding.Eli Lilly's donanemab did slow declines in thinking skills in patients with early-stage Alzheimer's: <a href="https://www.fda.gov/media/1791

A novel blood-based lung cancer screening test has been developed and validated using genome-wide sequencing to analyze cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentation profiles, according to a study published online June 3 in Cancer Discovery.Noting that changes in genome-wide cfDNA fragmentation profiles (fragmentomes) in peripheral blood reflect

Higher county-level prevalence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is associated with lower odds of advanced disease, all-cause mortality, and prostate cancer-specific mortality, according to a study published online June 4 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Hari S. Iyer, Sc.D., from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey in New Brunswic

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Thursday asked states to work harder to protect the public from the risks of raw milk as a bird flu outbreak continues to spread among dairy cows.In an open letter to state and local officials,&nbsp;the agency urged more testing of&nbsp;her

Anthrax disease in humans is rare and when it does occur, it's usually during hot, dry summers.That's why the case of a Texas rancher who developed anthrax in January of this year piqued the interest of investigators at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.The rancher, who survived his ordeal, caught the anthrax germ after b

Lowering the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) positive threshold yields levels of sensitivity and specificity that are comparable to those reported for multitarget stool RNA (mt-sRNA) testing without the additional testing, according to a research letter published online June 1 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Tobias

Excess mortality persisted in 2020 through 2022 in the Western world, according to a study published online June 3 in BMJ Public Health.Saskia Mostert, M.D., from Amsterdam UMC, and colleagues explored excess mortality in the Western world from 2020 to 2022 using all-cause mortality reports abstracted from the "Our World in Data" databa

As the H5N1 avian flu continues to spread among dairy cows in the United States, nearly 5 million doses of flu vaccine are now being prepared for possible use in humans.Since the outbreak in livestock began this spring, bird flu has been confirmed in three humans who worked on dairy farms in Texas and Michigan, and health experts are concerned th

Amid an ongoing outbreak of bird flu in dairy cows, there's been a third case of H5N1 avian flu confirmed in a dairy worker, U.S. health officials reported Thursday.The previous two human cases -- the first in Texas, the second in Michigan, where this latest case also occurred -- involved only a brief discomfort of the eyes, linked to conjuncti

From 2007 to 2019, there was an increase in inflation-adjusted health care spending, largely due to increasing contributions to premiums, according to a research letter published online May 28 in JAMA Internal Medicine.Sukruth A. Shashikumar, M.D., from the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, and colleagues conducted a cro

Bird flu has been detected for the first time in alpacas, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced Tuesday.The animals that tested positive were on a farm in Idaho where poultry that had tested positive for the H5N1 virus were culled in May.&nbsp;The alpacas tested positive on May 16, the USDA's National Veterinary Services Laborato

A novel natural language understanding (NLU) pipeline can identify the rates of lymphedema and node positivity among women with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), clinically node-negative (cN0) breast cancer, according to a study published online May 22 in JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics.Neil Carleton, from the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center

Primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening intervals could be extended, with the risk for cervical precancer or worse (CIN2+) eight years after negative HPV screening comparable to risk after three years in cytology cohorts, according to a study published online May 22 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &amp; Prevention.Anna Gottschlic

A U.S. Food and Drug Administration advisory panel on Thursday recommended the approval of a new blood test that can spot colon cancer.The panel voted 7-2 that the benefits outweigh the risks when using the Guardant Health's Shield test for&nbsp;colon cancer</a

Variation is seen in preparedness and response to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses, according to a research letter published online May 21 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Noting that HPAI A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses pose pandemic potential, Noah Kojima, M.D., from the U.S. Centers for Diseas

In a systematically screened population, there is no association between autoimmune disease and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), according to a study published online May 21 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Ingigerdur Sverrisdottir, M.D., from the University of Iceland in Reykjavik, and colleagues conducted a

Individuals with BRCA1-associated protein (BAP1) have a high rate of nail abnormalities consistent with onychopapillomas, according to a study published online May 17 in JAMA Dermatology to coincide the annual meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, held from May 15 to 18 in Dallas.Alexandra Lebensohn, from the Nat

There is a high level of approval for use of polygenic embryo screening, according to a study published online May 14 in JAMA Network Open.Rémy A. Furrer, Ph.D., from the Center for Bioethics at Harvard Medical School in Boston, and colleagues surveyed U.S. adults to examine general attitudes, interests, and concerns relating to use of P

Male and female V1421 carriers face a similar and substantial risk for heart failure hospitalization, according to a study published online May 12 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure 2024, held from May 11 to 14 in Lisbon, Portugal.Noting that individual s

Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) melanoma patients have distinct tumor characteristics, presenting with more advanced disease and exhibiting worse outcomes, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of Surgical Oncology.Jessica A. Steadman, M.B.B.S., from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and colleagues examined fe

In its biennial Cancer Disparities Progress Report published today, the American Association for Cancer Research presents the latest statistics on disparities in cancer progress experienced by ethnic-minority groups and other medically underserved populations in the United States.Robert A. Winn, M.D., from the Virginia Commonwealth Un

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a kit that will allow women to collect their own vaginal sample for HPV screening, a move that could increase early detection in those at risk for cervical cancer.Women will be able to swab thems

San Francisco is on the verge of passing a ban on "forever chemicals" in the protective clothing firefighters wear while battling blazes.City lawmakers are expected to pass an ordinance on Tuesday&nbsp

Physicians with disabilities (PWDs) are significantly more likely to experience depersonalization but not emotional exhaustion when compared with their peers without disabilities, according to a research letter published online May 9 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Lisa M. Meeks, Ph.D., from the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arb

The U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services have jointly announced a myriad of initiatives aimed at preventing the H5N1 avian flu virus, currently infecting U.S. dairy cows, from mutating and spreading in humans.The illness is typically not fatal in bovines, but monitoring and prevention on the nation's f

Ascension, a major U.S. health care system with 140 hospitals in 19 states, announced late Thursday that a cyberattack has caused disruptions at some of its hospitals."Systems that are currently unavailable include our electronic health records system, MyChart (which enables patients to view their medical records and communicate with their provid

A total of 113 novel genetic loci have been identified in the largest single-stage common variant genome-wide association study of blood pressure (BP) reported to date, according to a study published online April 30 in Nature Genetics.Jacob M. Keaton, Ph.D., from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues exa

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) use has increased among all racial/ethnic groups and has increased faster among non-Hispanic African Americans (NHAAs) and Hispanics than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), according to a study published online April 25 in Blood Advances.Nandita Khera, M.D., from the Mayo Clinic in Phoenix, and colleagues

CD7 expression is associated with poorer outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study published online April 11 in the British Journal of Haematology.Wei-Ying Jen, B.M., B.Ch., from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, and colleagues collected flow cytometry data on

Doctors in Texas are describing the only known human case of H5N1 avian flu connected to the ongoing outbreak of the disease in dairy cows.Bird flu in humans remains extremely rare, but in the hundreds of cases documented worldwide over the past few years, about half proved fatal -- upping scientists' concerns about the possibility that an easily

A genome-wide association study meta-analysis, published online April 26 in Nature Genetics, has identified 63 susceptibility regions containing 108 independent risk loci for kidney cancer.Mark P. Purdue, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Rockville, Maryland, and colleagues conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association s

Adherence to healthy lifestyles can largely overcome the genetic risk for a shorter lifespan, according to a study published online April 29 in BMJ Evidence Based Medicine.Zilong Bian, from the Zhejiang University&nbsp;School of Medicine in&nbsp;Hangzhou, China, and colleagues investigated associations of genetic and lifestyle factors

A random-forest, machine-learning classifier, artificial intelligence-Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration (AI-MARRVEL), achieves superior accuracy compared with existing methods for genetic diagnosis, according to a study published online in the May issue of NEJM AI.Dongxue Mao, Ph.D., from the Baylor Colle

On Monday, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced that it is now testing ground beef for any presence of the H5N1 virus that continues to spread among dairy cows.The agency said it is sampling ground beef bought in grocery stores in states where dairy cattle have tested positive for the virus, also known as H5N1, CNN reported. O

H5N1 avian "bird" flu is making headlines this week, with new reports finding inactive virus detected in 1 in 5 U.S. milk samples. That means the virus is infecting mammals such as dairy cows, and now res

Laboratory tests used by millions of Americans are soon to be classified as medical devices, and as such be regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the agency announced Monday.The new rule does not apply to tests and kits made by big medical device manufacturers -- those already face FDA review. Instead, the agency is widenin

Bits of bird flu virus have been discovered in roughly 20% of retail milk samples tested in a national survey, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration said Thursday.The finding suggests that bird flu has spread far more widel

The spatial distribution, timing, and magnitude of tau burden differs for people with Down syndrome and those with autosomal-dominant Alzheimer disease, according to a study published in the May issue of The Lancet Neurology.Julie K. Wisch, Ph.D., from Washington University in St. Louis, and colleagues conducted a cross-sectional obs

For almost all patients with sickle cell disease, treatment with exagamglogene autotemcel (exa-cel) eliminates vaso-occlusive crises, according to a study published in the April 24 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Haydar Frangoul, M.D., from the Sarah Cannon Research Institute at the Children's Hospital at TriStar Centenn

As bird flu continues to spread among dairy cows in the United States, the U.S. Department of Agriculture said Wednesday it will start requiring testing of the animals if they are moved across state lines. The "USDA has identified [bird flu] spread between cows within the same herd, spread from cows to poultry, spread between dairies associat

Bits of inactive bird flu virus have been discovered in samples of pasteurized milk from across the United States, health officials said Tuesday, although they stressed the viral fragments don't threaten humans.However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration did note that testing suggests that bird flu has likely infected far more dairy cows

A new prostate cancer test has higher diagnostic accuracy for high-grade disease than current guideline-endorsed biomarkers, according to a study published online April 18 in JAMA Oncology.Jeffrey J. Tosoian, M.D., M.P.H., from Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, and colleagues developed a multiplex urinary pa

The H5N1 avian flu virus that's infecting U.S. cattle is increasingly showing up in mammals -- a dangerous sign that it could someday easily infect people.That's the warning issued late last week by World Health Organization chief scientist Dr. Jeremy Farrar, CNN reported.“We have to watch, more than watch, we have to make sure

Two common PFAS "forever chemicals" have been deemed hazardous substances by the Environmental Protection Agency.The new designation, enacted under the country's <a href="https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-comprehensive-environmental-response-compensation-and-liability-act#:~:text=The%20Comprehensive%20Environmental%20Response%2C%20Co

For patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who undergo surgery without chemotherapy, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) abundance is associated with improved survival, according to a study published online April 2 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Roberto A. Leon-Ferre, M.D., from the Mayo Cl

Heritability for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) varies for males and females, with higher heritability seen for males than females, according to a study published online April 17 in JAMA Psychiatry.Sven Sandin, Ph.D., from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, and colleagues estimated the sex-specific heritability of ASD in a popu

Certain demographic, clinical, and genetic factors heighten the risk for extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), according to a study published online March 13 in&nbsp;Gastroenterology.Michelle Khrom, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and colleagues investigated the clinical, serol

Subclassification of individuals at high risk for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) can enable the development of surveillance approaches better tailored to risk, according to a study published online April 16 in the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network.George Zogopoulos, M.D., Ph.D., from McGill University Health Cente

The Biden Administration announced Tuesday that it will work with 50 nations worldwide to try to prevent global pandemics such as COVID-19, which brought the world to a standstill four years ago."Today, I am proud to announce that my Administra

Working-age adults in the United States are dying at higher rates than their peers in high-income countries, according to a study published online March 21 in the&nbsp;International Journal of Epidemiology.Jennifer Beam Dowd, Ph.D., from the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and colleagues synthesized cause-specific mortalit

Mailed at-home self-sampling for&nbsp;human papillomavirus&nbsp;(HPV) testing&nbsp;increases cervical cancer screening participation in underscreened populations by almost threefold, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, held from April 5 to 10 in San Diego.Jane R. Montealegre, Ph.

The Environmental Protection Agency announced Wednesday that it has finalized a first-ever rule that will drastically lower the amount of PFAS, also known as "forever chemicals," in the nation's drinking water.“Drinking water contaminated with PFAS has plagued communities across this country for too long,”&nbsp;EPA Administrator <a href="htt

The novel viral-based personalized cancer vaccine, TG4050, which encodes up to 30 patient- and tumor-specific sequences is feasible and safe for patients with resected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, held from April 5 to 10 in San Diego.

Accelerated aging (AA) is increasing and is associated with an increased incidence of early-onset solid tumors, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, held from April 5 to 10 in San Diego.Ruiyi Tian, M.P.H., from the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and colleag

An exosome-based liquid biopsy assay can distinguish patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from healthy donors (HDs), according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, held from April 5 to 10 in San Diego.Caiming Xu, M.D., Ph.D., from the Beckman Research Institute of The City o

A single invitation for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is associated with reduced prostate cancer deaths, although the absolute reduction is small, according to a study published online April 6 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the 39th Annual European Association of Urology Congress, held from Apri

For patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer with sentinel-node macrometastases, the omission of completion axillary-lymph-node dissection is noninferior to more extensive surgery, according to a study published in the April 4 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Jana de Boniface, M.D., Ph.D., from the Karolinska I

When a soldier is rushed to medical care following a blast or other injury to the head, time is crucial in deciding just how extensive that injury is.Now, the U.S. Army has announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has cleared a bedside whole blood test that can answer that question in about 15 minutes.Prior tests relied on

High levels of glucose and triglycerides are associated with future risk for depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders, according to a study published online April 2 in JAMA Network Open.Charilaos Chourpiliadis, M.D., from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, and colleagues conducted a population-based cohort study with long

A recently developed multivariable model can accurately predict smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) or worse in persons with presumed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), according to a study published online April 2 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Elias Eythorsson, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of Iceland in R

A regional collaborative involving universal decolonization in long-term care facilities and targeted decolonization among hospital patients in contact precautions is associated with better multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)-related outcomes, according to a study published online April 1 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association

There has been a rise in invasive meningococcal disease, mainly attributable to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y, according to an alert issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.There were 422 cases of invasive meningococcal disease in 2023, the most seen since 2014. So far this year, 143 cases have already been r

U.S. physicians received $12.13 billion from industry from 2013 to 2022, according to a research letter published online March 28 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Ahmed Sayed, M.B.B.S., from Ain Shams University in Cairo, and colleagues examined the distribution of payments within and across specialties and the medica

The daily step count needed to reduce the risk for obesity varies based on an individual's genetic risk for higher body mass index (BMI), according to a study published online March 27 in JAMA Network Open.Evan L. Brittain, M.D., from the Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, and colleagues conducted a retrospec

For older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), posttransplant outcomes have improved over time, according to a study published online March 22 in Clinical Cancer Research.Ali Bazarbachi, Ph.D., M.P.H., from the American University of Beirut Medical Center in L

Fewer than half of adults have a follow-up colonoscopy within six months following an abnormal stool-based screening test (SBT) for colorectal cancer (CRC), according to a study published online March 25 in JAMA Network Open.Elizabeth L. Ciemins, Ph.D., M.P.H., from the American Medical Group Association in Alexandria, Virginia, and

Male and female p.C282Y homozygotes, including those undiagnosed with hemochromatosis, have increased morbidity risks, according to a study published in the March issue of BMJ Open.Mitchell R. Lucas, from the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom, and colleagues conducted a prospective cohort study in the U.K. Biobank (2006 to

Global adult mortality rates increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, reversing previous decreasing trends, according to a study published online March 11 in The Lancet.Austin E. Schumacher, Ph.D., from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in Seattle, and colleagues examined changes in mortality and life expectancy from 1950

Intrathecal gene transfer with scAAV9/JeT-GAN may result in some benefit for children with giant axonal neuropathy, according to a study published in the March 21 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Diana X. Bharucha-Goebel, M.D., from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues conducted an intrath

A high proportion of individuals with synucleinopathies has positivity for cutaneous phosphorylated α-synuclein, according to a study published online March 20 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Christopher H. Gibbons, M.D., from Harvard Medical School in Boston, and colleagues examined the positivity rate of cutaneous

Up-to-date cervical cancer screening is lower in rural than urban community health centers (CHCs), with the differences mainly due to CHC-level characteristics, according to a study published online March 25 in Cancer.Hyunjung Lee, Ph.D., from the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, and colleagues examined rural-urban differences in ce

FRIDAY, March 22, 2024 (HealthDay News) --&nbsp;ChatGPT accurately answers questions about genetic syndromes, genetic testing, and counseling, according to a study presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology Annual Meeting on Women's Cancer, held from March 16 to 18 in San Diego.Jharna M. Patel, M.D., from New York University Langone Health in New York City, and colleagues examined

Systemic inflammation is associated with an elevated risk for chronic kidney disease, according to a study published online Feb. 20 in&nbsp;Frontiers in Immunology.Xiaoxin Liu, from Tongji Medical College at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China, and colleagues investigated the relationship between the syste

Life expectancy increased to 77.5 years in 2022, while the age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths increased from 2002 to 2022 but did not change from 2021 to 2022, according to two March data briefs published by the National Center for Health Statistics.Kenneth D. Kochanek, from the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Mar

Neutralizing anti-interleukin-23 is associated with severe, persistent, opportunistic infections, according to a study published in the March 21 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Noting that interleukin-12 shares a common subunit with interleukin-23, Aristine Cheng, M.D., from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectio

Some U.S. government personnel have reported dizziness, pain, visual problems, and cognitive dysfunction after experiencing intrusive sounds and head pressure, termed anomalous health incidents (AHIs), but no differences are seen in terms of clinical, research, and biomarker assessments or in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities compared with c

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) derived from the general population are associated with a subsequent risk for certain cancers among survivors of childhood cancer, with an additive risk for PRS and radiotherapy, according to a study published online March 7 in Nature Medicine.Todd M. Gibson, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Bet

A cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test has sensitivity of 83.1 percent for detection of colorectal cancer and specificity of 89.6 percent for any advanced neoplasia, according to a study published in the March 14 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Daniel C. Chung, M.D., from Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medica

A next-generation multitarget stool DNA test has higher sensitivity for colorectal cancer and advanced precancerous lesions than fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), according to a study published in the March 14 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Thomas F. Imperiale, M.D., from the Indiana University School of Medicine in I

Middle-aged veterans with blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have reduced levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β-amyloid (Aβ), according to a study published online March 13 in Neurology.Ge Li, M.D., Ph.D., from the Veterans Affairs Northwest Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center in Seattle, and colleag

Following a cyberattack on one of the nation's largest health insurers that's thrown health care payments into disarray and likely exposed reams of private patient data, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services said Wednesday it has begun an investigation into the incident.In a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2024/03/13/h

Lower, stable maternal mortality rates are seen on identification of maternal deaths by requiring mention of pregnancy among multiple causes of death, according to a study published online March 12 in the American Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology.K.S. Joseph, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, C

Following a cyberattack on the largest health insurer in the United States last month, health care providers continue to scramble as insurance payments and prescription orders continue to be disrupted and physicians lose an estimated $100 million a day.That <a href="https://www.ama-assn.org/press-center/press-releases/cyberattack-jeopardizes

Three pesticides (lindane, simazine, and atrazine) are associated with Parkinson disease (PD) in the Rocky Mountains/Great Plains region of the United States, according to a study scheduled for presentation at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, to be held from April 13 to 18 in Denver.Alexia Lapadat, Ph.D., from Amherst Co

There are notable concerns relating to the use of currently available artificial intelligence (AI) dermatology mobile applications (apps), according to a study published online March 7 in JAMA Dermatology to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, held from March 8 to 10 in San Diego.Shannon Wongvibulsin

More Americans exposed to radiation caused by the government would be compensated under a bill that passed the U.S. Senate Thursday.The bipartisan legislation, which would cost an estimated $50 billion, would expand the <a href="https://www.justice.gov/civil/common/reca"

The perpetrator of a mass shooting in Maine last fall had extensive brain damage from "thousands of low-level blasts" tied to his work at an Army Reserve hand grenade training range, a new report shows.On Oct. 25, Robert Card, 40, killed 18 and injured another 13 in a deadly rampage in the town of Lewiston after opening fire in a bowling alley

Just three weeks after the Alabama Supreme Court ruled that frozen embryos should be considered children, lawmakers in that state passed legislation that shields both patients and providers who use in vitro fertilization (IVF) from civil and criminal liability.Gov. Kay Ivey, a Republican, signed the bill into law shortly after it was passed by

Black patients with neurologic conditions are less likely than White patients to undergo evaluation for genetic testing, according to a study published online March 6 in Neurology.Aaron Baldwin, from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, and colleagues analyzed retrospective data from pati

Cumulative high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CumCRP) and monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (CumMHR) both independently and jointly are associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a study published online Jan. 28 in the&nbsp;Journal of Translational Medicine.Dan Wu, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., from the Fir

Routine screening with fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) is associated with a decrease in colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality, according to a study published online Feb. 27 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Johannes Blom, M.D., Ph.D., from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, and colleagues evaluated cancer-specific mortality associated with e

New guidance issued Friday by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that Americans who test positive for COVID-19 no longer need to routinely stay home for five days.Instead, the CDC recommends "returning to normal activities when, for at least 24 hours, symptoms are improving overall, and if a fever was present, it has

About 0.1 to 0.5 percent of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAS-CoV-2) infections become persistent, lasting for at least 60 days, according to a study published online Feb. 21 in Nature.Mahan Ghafari, Ph.D., from the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and colleagues examined the population prevalence of persis

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced Wednesday that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) will no longer be added to food packaging in the United States."Grease-proofing materials containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are no longer being sold for use in food packaging in the U.S.," Jim Jones, the agency's Commissioner

The degree of neighborhood poverty in early childhood is significantly associated with death by unnatural causes in early adulthood, according to a study published online Feb. 23 in JAMA Network Open.Kimberly B. Roth, Ph.D., from the Mercer University School of Medicine in Savannah, Georgia, and colleagues examined whether childhood fac

Families of men with subfertility have increased risks for several cancers, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in Human Reproduction.Joemy M. Ramsay, Ph.D., from the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, and colleagues conducted a retrospective cohort study of 786 subfertile men (with 426 azoospermic families and 360 severe o

Women in health care occupations endure a significantly higher level of stress and burnout than men, according to a study published online Feb. 21 in Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health.Viktoriya Karakcheyeva, M.D., from the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences in Washington, D.C., and colle

Traffic-related fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) score, according to a study published online Feb. 21 in Neurology.Grace M. Christensen, Ph.D., from the Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, and colleagues conducted a cross-sectional stu

CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy seems feasible, safe, and efficacious for patients with different autoimmune diseases, according to a study published in the Feb. 22 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Fabian Müller, M.D., from the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg in Germany, and colleagues

Patients with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) and de novo MDS have comparable outcomes after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT), according to a study published online Feb. 8 in Clinical and Experimental Medicine.Feifei Tang, from Peking University People's Hospital in Beijing, and col

Unexpected medical bills and high health care costs are dominating an election where kitchen table economic problems weigh heavily on voter’s minds, a new KFF poll has found.Voters struggling to pay their monthly bills are most eager to hear presidential candidates talk about economic and health care issues, according to the latest KFF Health

In a ruling that could drastically limit future infertility care, the Alabama Supreme Court has ruled that frozen embryos can be considered children under state law.In the <a href="https://publicportal-api.alappeals.gov/courts/68f021c4-6a44-4735-9a76-5360b2e8af13/cms/case/343D203A-B13D-463A-8176-C46E3AE4F695/docketentrydocuments/E3D95592-3CBE

Nearly $6 billion in funding will soon be spread through every U.S. state and territory as part of a massive, ongoing effort to clean up the nation's water supply, the Biden Administration announced Tuesday.EPA Administrator Michael Regan and <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/admini

In a report issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and published online Feb. 8 in the agency's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, recommendations are presented for tests that can support a diagnosis of syphilis, including identification of Treponema pallidum.John R. Papp, Ph.D., from the CDC in Atlant

The 21-gene breast recurrence score (RS) is valid for predicting chemotherapy benefit for non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, axillary node-negative breast cancer, but the test may underestimate chemotherapy benefit for young NHB women, according to a study published online Jan. 8

Wellness visits and preventive health screenings have not returned to prepandemic levels, according to a study published online Feb. 2 in JAMA Health Forum.Christopher Alba, from the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, and colleagues examined health care access and preventive health screenings among eligible U.S. adults in 20

A much anticipated government study finds that military personnel stationed at Camp Lejeune in North Carolina between 1975 and 1985 face at least a 20% higher risk for certain cancers than those stationed elsewhere. Why the increased risk?For decades, the drinking water at the Marine Corps base was contaminated with industrial solvents,

In older patients, a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine and cystatin C levels (eGFRcr-cys) is more strongly associated with adverse outcomes compared with low eGFR based on creatinine level (eGFRcr), according to a study published online Jan. 30 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Ed

For patients with radically resected, stage II to IV colorectal cancer (CRC), circulating tumor (ct)DNA-based detection of molecular residual disease (MRD) in response to adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) is prognostic of outcomes, according to a study presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, held from

Citing recent indications that CAR T-cell therapy may cause rare secondary cancers, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has told pharmaceutical companies to add a boxed warning to their products.However, FDA s

Ten variants have been identified that are suggestive of an association with surgical or nonsurgical rhizarthrosis, according to a study published online Jan. 24 in the Journal of Orthopedic Research.Cecilie Henkel, Ph.D., from Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre in Denmark, and colleagues conducted a case-control genome-wide ass

The prestigious Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston will retract six studies and correct 31 more as part of an ongoing investigation into claims of data manipulation.The action follows allegations that a British molecular biologist posted in a blog</

The U.S. National Institutes of Health is investigating COVID-19 experiments at Boston University that have sparked a media firestorm, with some news outlets alleging that scientists created a "killer" strain of the coronavirus as part of their research.

Gene therapy for sickle cell disease (SCD) below $2 million is likely to be cost-effective, according to a study published online Jan. 23 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Anirban Basu, Ph.D., from The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy &amp; Economics Institute at the University of Washington in Seattle, and colleagues examined the c

Plastics exposure contributes substantially to disease costs in the United States, according to a study published online Jan. 11 in the&nbsp;Journal of the Endocrine Society.Leonardo Trasande, M.D., from the NYU Grossman School of Medicine in New York City, and colleagues calculated the attributable disease burden and cost due to chemi

For patients with immunotherapy recalcitrant KRAS-mutated tumors, the cancer vaccine ELI-002 2P is safe and induces T-cell responses, according to a study published online Jan. 9 in Nature Medicine.Noting that the cancer vaccine ELI-002 2P enhances lymph node delivery and immune response using Amphiphile (Amph)-modification of G12D and

For patients undergoing surveillance following diagnosis and treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), very few second breast cancers are detected by clinical breast examination by a physician, according to a study published online Dec. 28 in the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network.Bethany T. Waites, M.D., from the

With only days left before open enrollment closes, the Biden administration announced Wednesday that 20 million Americans have already signed up for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act."Today, we hit a major milestone in lowering costs and ensuring all Americans have access to quality, affordable health care. With six days left to s

Sex-specific cancer detection panels comprising 10 proteins show high accuracy for detecting early-stage cancers among men and women, according to a study published online Jan. 9 in BMJ Oncology.Bogdan Budnik, Ph.D., from Novelna Inc. in Palo Alto, California, and colleagues collected plasma samples from 440 healthy individuals and i

Serum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can help differentiate interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) from overactive bladder (OAB), according to a study published online Nov. 8 in BMC Urology.Hanwei Ke, from Peking University People's Hospital in Beijing, and colleagues conducted a retrospective analysis involving 70 wo

Serum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can help differentiate interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) from overactive bladder (OAB), according to a study published online Nov. 8 in BMC Urology.Hanwei Ke, from Peking University People's Hospital in Beijing, and colleagues conducted a retrospective analysis involving 70 wo

Registered nurses, health technicians, and health care support workers have an increased risk for suicide compared with non-health care workers, according to a study published in the Sept. 26 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., from Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric

Moral distress during the first nine months of the pandemic was reported by a majority of clinicians working in U.S. safety net practices, according to a study published online Aug. 25 in BMJ Open.Donald E. Pathman, M.D., M.P.H., from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and colleagues examined causes and levels of moral dis

The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with higher burnout among health care professionals (HCPs), particularly patient-facing HCPs, according to a study published online Sept. 27 in BJPsych Open.Vikas Kapil, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., from the Queen Mary University of London, and colleagues longitudinally examined mental health in 1,574 HCPs vers

Child care stress (CCS) during the pandemic is associated with anxiety, depression, burnout, intent to reduce hours, and intent to leave among health care workers (HCWs), according to a study published online July 18 in JAMA Network Open.Elizabeth M. Harry, M.D., from the University of Colorado in Aurora, and colleagues assessed whether

Stress-management interventions may help individual health care workers over the short term, according to research published online May 12 in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.Sietske J. Tamminga, Ph.D., from the University of Amsterdam, and colleagues conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of stress-red

Among microbial specimen types examined in a maternity hospital, placental swabs yield the highest number of potential pathogens, according to a study published online Dec. 27 in PLOS ONE.James Powell, from University Hospital Limerick in Ireland, and colleagues conducted a retrospective study to assess the potential clinical value of

A protein risk score can predict mortality for patients with heart failure, according to a study published online Jan. 2 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Kayode O. Kuku, M.D., from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues developed and validated a protein risk score for mortality in patients with heart f

Patients with a poor ovarian response (POR) are more likely to return to use previously vitrified oocytes, according to a study published online Jan. 2 in JAMA Network Open.Yuval Fouks, M.D., M.P.H., from Boston IVF-The Eugin Group in Waltham, Massachusetts, and colleagues examined the association of ovarian response to stimulation and

More than half of U.S. medical interns report experiencing sexual harassment, according to a research letter published online Dec. 26 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Elizabeth M. Viglianti, M.D., from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues investigated possible institutional variation in experiences of sexual harassment amon

Exposure to air pollution is associated with having multimorbid, multiorgan conditions, according to a study published online Dec. 2 in Frontiers in Public Health.Amy Ronaldson, Ph.D., from King’s College London, and colleagues examined associations between long-term air pollution exposure and multimorbidity status, severity, and pat

Burnout, lack of professional fulfillment, and other well-being-linked factors are associated with intention to leave (ITL) among physicians, according to a study published online Dec. 15 in JAMA Network Open.Jennifer A. Ligibel, M.D., from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, and colleagues describe the prevalence of burnout,

Outdoor air pollution is tied to a higher risk for nonlung cancers in older adults, according to a study published online Aug. 1 in Environmental Epidemiology.Yaguang Wei, Ph.D., from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, and colleagues examined associations of 10-year exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.

Among adults age 65 years and older, mortality was declining before the COVID-19 pandemic, although the rate of decline slowed from 2009, according to the Dec. 15 National Vital Statistics Reports, a publication from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Ellen A. Kramarow, Ph.D., and Betzaida Tejada-Vera, from the National

Early diagnosis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) seems feasible through analysis of genomic alterations in DNA from Papanicolaou (Pap) test smears, according to a study published online Dec. 6 in Science Translational Medicine.Lara Paracchini, Ph.D., from Humanitas University in Milan, and colleagues examined a retrospective

Changes in multiple biochemical and hematological parameters occur up to eight years before diagnosis of Crohn disease and up to three years before diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, according to a study published in the Nov. 21 issue of Cell Reports Medicine.Marie Vibeke Vestergaard, from Aalborg University in Copenhagen, Denmark, and co

Two milestone gene therapies for sickle cell disease have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.Casgevy is the first medicine available in the United States to treat a genetic disease using the CRISPR gene-editing technique. The one-time treatment permanently changes DNA in a patient's blood cells, freeing them from the excruciat

For patients with newly diagnosed cirrhosis, markers of inflammation can predict 180-day mortality, but not liver-related admissions, according to a study published online Nov. 16 in Scientific Reports.Thit Mynster Kronborg, from Hvidovre University Hospital in Denmark, and colleagues collected plasma samples from 149 patients with newl

Metabolomic profiling may improve the differential diagnosis of mood disorders, according to a proof-of-concept study published online Oct. 25 in&nbsp;JAMA Psychiatry.Jakub Tomasik, Ph.D., from the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, and colleagues examined metabolomic biomarker signatures from dried blood spots among patients

For individuals who are due or overdue for cervical cancer screening, direct-mail human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling increases screening uptake, according to a study published in the Nov. 28 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.Rachel L. Winer, Ph.D., M.P.H., from the University of Washington in Seattle, and

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is warning of a highly mutated COVID-19 variant, the prevalence of which has tripled in the past two weeks. Now, nearly one in 10 new COVID-19 cases are fueled by the BA.2.86 variant.The variant is spreading the fastest in the Northeast: Just over 13 percent of cases in the New York and New Je

More than 10 percent of fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) for colorectal cancer cannot be processed by a laboratory, and fewer than half complete a subsequent FIT within 15 months, according to a study published online Nov. 3 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &amp; Prevention.Po-Hong Liu, M.D., from the University of Texas Southweste

Stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), with different stem cells effective for alleviating pain and restoring function, according to a review published online Nov. 22 in the Journal of Orthopaedic Research.Rong-hui Xie, from Jiujiang First People's Hospital in China, and colleagues conducte

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency is more accurately diagnosed with hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin than with arginine-stimulated copeptin among adults with polyuria polydipsia syndrome, according to a study published in the Nov. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Julie Refardt, M.D., Ph.D., from the University

Receipt of government housing assistance is associated with increased rates of breast cancer (BC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, according to a study published online Nov. 8 in the&nbsp;American Journal of Preventive Medicine.Jordan Baeker Bispo, Ph.D., from the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, and colleagues used data from

Performing RNA sequencing concurrently with DNA sequencing improves detection of novel variants and classification of existing variants, according to a study published online Nov. 4 in JAMA Oncology to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics, held from Nov. 1 to 5 in Washington, D.C.Carolyn Horton, fr

Children who are genetically predisposed to insomnia have more insomnia-like sleep problems from early childhood through adolescence, according to a study published online Nov. 8 in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.Desana Kocevska, M.D., Ph.D., from the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience in Amsterdam, and colleagues

Individuals in the upper range of fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-negative screening have an increased risk for advanced neoplasia (AN), according to a research letter published online Nov. 7 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Tobias Niedermaier, Ph.D., from the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, and colleagues provided a dose

Advisors to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are expected to approve new draft guidelines for hospital infection control this week, the first update since 2007.But health care workers worry whether the guidelines, which suggest that surgical masks are as good as N-95 masks at preventing the spread of respiratory infections duri

The number of zoonotic spillover events and reported deaths increased by 4.98 and 8.7 percent, respectively, annually, according to a study published online Nov. 2 in BMJ Global Health.Amanda Jean Meadows, Ph.D., from Ginkgo Bioworks in Emeryville, California, and colleagues used an extensive epidemiological database to analyze a specifi

Patients with sickle cell disease may soon have two new treatments to try. On Tuesday, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration advisory committee will weigh the merits of a new gene therapy for the painful, inherited condition. The agency is expected to make a decision on that therapy in early December, and it also plans to decide on a second new treatment

Risk-adapted starting ages of screening vary by sex and polygenic risk score (PRS) among individuals at average risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), according to a study published online Oct. 25 in JAMA Network Open.Xuechen Chen, Ph.D., from the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, and colleagues illustrated derivation of risk-adju

More than half delayed or skipped care because of concerns about costs

15.6 percent of those who underwent genetic testing had pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants