All articles tagged: Pulmonology

A number of adults with outpatient medically attended respiratory syncytial virus (MA-RSV) infection experience hospitalization within 28 days, with a higher proportion among high-risk subgroups, according to a study published online Nov. 19 in JAMA Network Open.Suzanne N. Landi, Ph.D., M.P.H., from Pfizer Inc. in New York City, and

If Congress lets health care tax credits established during the pandemic expire, 4 million Americans will become uninsured, a new analysis warns.The tax credits, which have significantly lowered out-of-pocket costs for millions of Americans, are set to expire at the end of 2025."Allowing these credits to expire will force families to c

Although the United States has made significant headway in curbing cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke exposure, a new report finds deep divisions remain and they run along predictable fault lines.Disparities in tobacco use continue to persist by income and occupation, geography, education, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender

President-elect Donald Trump says he will nominate Mehmet Oz, M.D., to head the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.In a statement, Trump said that Oz will "work closely with Robert Kennedy Jr. to take on the illness industrial complex, and all the horrible chronic diseases left in its wake," The New York Times reported. Trump

Metformin is associated with a lower rate of asthma attacks among people with diabetes, according to a study published online Nov. 18 in JAMA Internal Medicine.Bohee Lee, Ph.D., from Imperial College London, and colleagues estimated the association of metformin and add-on antidiabetic medications (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor a

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with a considerable burden of hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and in-hospital deaths among adults, according to a study published online Nov. 13 in JAMA Network Open.Using data from the RSV Hospitalization Surveillance Network, Fiona P. Havers, M.D., from the U.S. C

President-elect Donald Trump has chosen Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to head the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.The department encompasses numerous key agencies, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the National Institutes of Health, Medicaid, and Medicare.In a stat

Transitioning from cigarettes to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is associated with resolution of respiratory symptoms, but the rate of resolution is reduced among those who switch to dual use or maintain or increase smoking intensity, according to a study published online Nov. 12 in Nicotine & Tobacco Research.Jonathan B. Ber

Asthma is associated with memory difficulties in children, according to a study published online Nov. 11 in JAMA Network Open.Nicholas J. Christopher-Hayes, from the University of California Davis, and colleagues examined whether childhood asthma is associated with lower memory abilities in children using observational data from the Ad

Few high-risk individuals have heard of or have discussed lung cancer screening (LCS) with a health care practitioner, according to a research letter published online Oct. 30 in JAMA Network Open.Kalyani Sonawane, Ph.D., from the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, and colleagues examined LCS communication for U.S. indi

Childhood body mass index (BMI) is associated with lung health later in life, according to a study published online Oct. 28 in the European Respiratory Journal.Gang Wang, M.D., Ph.D., from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, and colleagues investigated the influence of BMI trajectories on lung function covering the entire growth

For adults aged 60 years or older, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination is effective for preventing associated hospitalizations and emergency department encounters, according to a study published online Oct. 19 in The Lancet.Amanda B. Payne, Ph.D., from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, and collea

Evidence-based smoking cessation treatment within six months of a cancer diagnosis maximizes survival benefit, according to a study published online Oct. 31 in JAMA Oncology.Paul M. Cinciripini, Ph.D., from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, and colleagues examined the association between time of entry in

There is a bidirectional association for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and interstitial lung disease (ILD), according to a study published online Oct. 12 in the Journal of Clinical Medicine.Bo-Guen Kim, M.D., Ph.D., from Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea, and colleagues examined the bidirectional relationship

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) contributes to dementia risk in older adults, particularly women, according to a study published online Oct. 22 in Sleep Advances.Tiffany J. Braley, M.D., from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues evaluated sex-specific associations between known or suspected OSA and dementia risk ov

Institutional leaders consider policies about late-career physicians (LCPs; physicians working beyond age 65 to 75 years) to be successful, according to a study published online Nov. 5 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Noting that some health care organizations (HCOs) have adopted LCP policies requiring cognitive, physical, and practice

More than one-third of patients have emergency department use within 90 days before a confirmed cancer diagnosis, according to a study published online Nov. 4 in CMAJ, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.Keerat Grewal, M.D., from Sinai Health at the University of Toronto, and colleagues conducted a retrospective, population-b

Individuals with a history of upper respiratory infections (URI) have an increased risk for developing Meniere disease (MD), according to a study published online Oct. 10 in Microorganisms.Mi Jung Kwon, M.D., from the Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital in Anyang, South Korea, and colleagues examined the potential link between URIs a

Influenza and 2023 to 2024 COVID-19 vaccination coverage is 80.7 and 15.3 percent, respectively, among health care personnel at acute care hospitals and is lower among health care personnel at nursing homes, according to research published in the Oct. 31 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Repo

Lack of health insurance coverage accounts for a considerable proportion of racial and ethnic disparities in advanced-stage diagnoses of cancer, according to a study published online Oct. 30 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Ph.D., from the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, and colleagues examined

Influenza-associated hospitalization rates vary across seasons, and only returned to recent pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels in the 2022-2023 influenza season, according to research published in the Oct. 31 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Angelle Naquin, M.P.H., from the C

An exercise intervention can effectively reduce alcohol dependence in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), according to a review published online Oct. 30 in PLOS ONE. Jihai Li, from Xinjiang Normal University in Urumqi, China, and colleagues conducted a systematic literature review to identify the effects of an exercis

The World Health Organization reports that tuberculosis (TB) cases hit a record high in 2023, with more than 8 million diagnoses and 1.25 million deaths, meaning it is once again the leading cause of death from infectious disease after COVID-19 displaced it briefly during the pandemic."The fact that TB still kills and sickens so many people i

Women with younger age at natural menopause have a reduced risk for asthma, according to a study published online Oct. 29 in Menopause.Durmalouk Kesibi, from York University in Toronto, and colleagues followed women aged 45 to 85 years for a 10-year period to examine the association between age at natural menopause and the incidence

Many Medicare beneficiaries are at risk for financial hardship from the costs of a single hospital stay, according to a study published online Oct. 29 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Paula Chatterjee, M.D., M.P.H., from the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, and colleagues identified beneficiaries who would face

For patients with asthma, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) combined with short-acting β agonists (SABA) and ICS combined with the long-acting β agonist formoterol are each associated with reduced asthma exacerbations compared with SABA alone, according to a study published online Oct. 28 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The st

Some Americans should get more than one shot of the updated COVID vaccines because their age or certain health conditions make them more vulnerable to severe infections, U.S. health officials advised this week.Six months after their first shot, people 65 and older and those who are immunocompromised should receive a second dose of the vacci

The recommended first age at which Americans should get the pneumococcal vaccine has been lowered from 65 to 50, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced Wednesday."Lowering the age for pneumococcal vaccination gives more adults the opportunity to protect themselves from pneumococcal disease at the age when risk of infecti

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced Tuesday that it has appointed Dr. Michelle Tarver to head its division that oversees medical devices.The appointment of a new director for the <a href="https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/center-devices-and-r

Two lung-nodule computer-aided detection (CAD) systems demonstrated reduced sensitivity on low- versus standard-dose computed tomography (CT) scans for small nodules in pediatric patients, according to a study published online Oct. 9 in the American Journal of Roentgenology.Russell C. Hardie, Ph.D., from the University of Dayton in Ohio

Walking pneumonia cases are surging among young children in the United States, federal health officials warn."Bacterial infections caused by&nbsp;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&nbsp;increased in the United States since late spring and have remained high," a <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/whats-new/mycoplasma-pneumoniae-infections-have-been-i

Tobacco use among U.S. youth continued to decline in 2024, according to a study published in the Oct. 17 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention&nbsp;Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Ahmed Jamal, M.B.B.S., from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, and colleagues analyzed data from the

During the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) period, excess mortality occurred in all racial and ethnic groups, but disparities were observed, according to a study published online Oct. 11 in JAMA Network Open.Jeremy Samuel Faust, M.D., from Mass General Brigham in Boston, and colleagues characterized overall and age-specific al

In a new clinical guideline issued by the American College of Chest Physicians and published online Sept. 27 in CHEST, recommendations are presented for endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) specimen processing and handling.Noting that EBUS-TBNA has become the standard for initial lung cancer diag

The&nbsp;annual meeting of the American College of Chest Physicians&nbsp;was held this year from Oct. 6 to 9 in Boston, hosting participants from around the world, including specialists and heath care professionals focused on pulmonary medicine, critical care, and sleep medicine. The conference featured pres

For patients aged 18 to 64 years with chronic diseases, electronically delivered letter nudges increase influenza vaccination rates compared with usual care, according to a study published online Oct. 11 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Niklas Dyrby Johansen, M.D., Ph.D., from Copenhagen University Hospital -- Herlev a

More than half of U.S. physician peer reviewers for the most influential medical journals receive industry payments, according to a research letter published online Oct. 10 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association.David-Dan Nguyen, M.P.H., from the University of Toronto, and colleagues characterized payments by drug and m

Daily rainfall intensity is associated with varying health effects, with extreme events associated with an increased risk for mortality, according to a study published online Oct. 9 in The BMJ.Cheng He, Ph.D., from the German Research Center for Environmental Health in Munich, and colleagues examined the associations between characteris

Based on data from Southern Hemisphere countries, a low proportion of patients with influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) were vaccinated against influenza, according to research published in the Oct. 3 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Erica E. Zeno,

Dupilumab improves health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 inflammation, according to a study presented at CHEST 2024, the annual meeting of the American College of Chest Physicians, held from Oct. 6 to 9 in Boston.&nbsp;Surya P. Bhatt, M.D., from the University of Alabama at

Implementation of a tobacco-free generation could substantially reduce global lung cancer mortality, according to a study published in the October issue of&nbsp;The Lancet Public Health.Julia Rey Brandariz, Ph.D., from the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela in Spain, and colleagues estimated the impact of eliminating tobacco smoking

A substantial smoking-attributable burden can be avoided by accelerating the pace of smoking elimination, according to a study published in the October issue of The Lancet Public Health.Stein Emil Vollset, M.D., M.P.H., from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health in Bergen, and fellow GBD 2021 Tobacco Forecasting Collaborators used the

Early breastfeeding patterns during birth hospitalization are associated with decreased rates of childhood asthma, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics, held from Sept. 27 to Oct. 1 in Orlando, Florida.Laura Ward, M.D., from the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and colleagues

U.S. racial disparities in mortality decreased from 1999 to 2015 for Black men and to 2011 for Black women, followed by stagnation or regression, according to a study published online Sept. 30 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Adith S. Arun, from the Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, and colleagues sought to compare excess age

Female physicians remain underrepresented among residents entering high-compensation specialties, according to a research letter published online Sept. 30 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association.Karina Pereira-Lima, Ph.D., from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues examined national trends in the prop

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Dupixent (dupilumab) as an add-on maintenance treatment for adults with inadequately controlled chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and an eosinophilic phenotype.The approval was based on results from two pivotal phase 3 trials (BOREAS and NOTUS) that evaluated Dupixent (468 and 470 par

The overall incidence rates for all cancer sites and specific cancer sites returned to prepandemic levels in 2021, according to a study published online Sept. 24 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.Nadia Howlader, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Rockville, Maryland, and colleagues used 2021 incidence data from

In what could be the first cases of bird flu spreading between humans in the United States, a group of potential H5N1 infections in Missouri has now grown to eight.Antibody tests to confirm any H5N1 infection are still pending.After a patient with bird flu was hospitalized last month, state and federal health officials first determined t

In the 2023 to 2024 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season, more than half of infants were protected by maternal RSV vaccine, nirsevimab, or both, according to research published in the Sep. 26 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Hilda Razzaghi, Ph.D., from the CDC in Atl

For infants and young children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, ziresovir reduces signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis, according to a study published in the Sept. 26 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Shunying Zhao, M.D., Ph.D., from Beijing Children's Hospital, and colleagues enrolled participan

A postoperative wearable device may improve physical activity and patient-reported dyspnea at six months after lung cancer surgery, according to a study published online Sept. 20 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Junghee Lee, M.D., from the Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea, and colleagues evaluated the effect

Cockroach and mouse allergen exposure may predispose children with asthma to upper respiratory infections (URIs) and worse respiratory outcomes, according to a study published online Aug. 19 in the&nbsp;Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.Darlene Bhavnani, Ph.D., from the University of Texas at Austin, and colleagues examined

Most Americans don’t plan to get vaccinated against the flu or COVID-19 this season, a new survey has found.Fewer than two in five U.S. adults (38%) say they will definitely get a flu jab, and only one in four (26%) say they’ll get the updated COVID v

Extreme temperature-related deaths are projected to increase considerably by the mid-21st century in the contiguous United States, according to a study published online Sept. 20 in JAMA Network Open.Sameed Ahmed M. Khatana, M.D., M.P.H., from the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine in Philadelphia, and colleagues exa

For people with multiple sclerosis (MS), a higher burden of comorbidity is associated with worse clinical outcomes, according to a study published online Sept. 18 in JAMA Neurology to coincide with the annual meeting of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, held from Sept. 18 to 20 in Copenhagen, Denmark.</p

On Friday, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the FluMist nasal vaccine for self-administration at home.It is a "new option for receiving a safe and effective seasonal influenza vaccine potentially with greater convenience, flexibility, and accessibility for individuals and families," Peter Marks, M.D., director of the FDA Center fo

Whooping cough cases are climbing at the fastest pace in years as students across America return to school, U.S. health officials reported Thursday.In figures&nbsp;published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a total of 291 cases were reported

For patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer, adjuvant therapy with durvalumab leads to significantly longer overall and progression-free survival, according to a study published online Sept. 13 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual meeting of the European Society for Medical Oncology, held from Sept.

The delivery of early, virtual palliative care has similar effects on quality of life as in-person care in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a study published online Sept. 11 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association.Joseph A. Greer, Ph.D., from Massachusetts General Hospital in Bost

Positive airway pressure (PAP) utilization is associated with lower all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) incidence in older adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), according to a study published online Sept. 11 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Diego R. Mazzotti, Ph.D., from the University of Kansas Medical Cen

Young adults who smoke e-cigarettes (e-cigs) perform worse on exercise tests than those who have never smoked, according to a study presented at the European Respiratory Society Congress 2024, held from Sept. 7 to 11 in Vienna.Azmy Faisal, Ph.D., from Manchester Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom, and colleagues examined the chronic

Tusamitamab ravtansine (tusa rav), an immunoconjugate, does not improve progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with previously treated advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a study presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer, held from Sept. 7 to 10 i

Women with asthma have an increased risk for fetal loss and higher use of fertility treatment, according to a study presented at the European Respiratory Society Congress, held from Sept. 7 to 11 in Vienna.Anne Vejen Hansen, from Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre in Denmark, and colleagues examined fertility in women with asthma, identi

For patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), perioperative nivolumab is associated with event-free survival (EFS) benefit compared with neoadjuvant nivolumab, according to a study presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer, held from Sept. 7 to 10 in San Diego.

A proteomic signature indicating increased respiratory susceptibility identifies the risk for respiratory death, incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and respiratory exacerbations, according to a study published online Sept. 10 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.Gabrielle Y. Liu, M.D.

Hypertonic saline (HS) nose drops reduce the duration of symptoms associated with viral upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in children, according to a study presented at the European Respiratory Society Congress, held from Sept. 7 to 11 in Vienna.Steve Cunningham, from&nbsp;University of Edinburgh in Scotland, and colleagues investiga

There is a reciprocal relationship between asthma and type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, held from Sept. 9 to 13 in Madrid.Nam Nhat Nguyen, M.D., from Taipei Medical University in Taiwan, and colleagues conducted a systematic review and meta-analy

For patients with severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype, depemokimab reduces the annualized rate of exacerbations, according to a study published online Sept. 9 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the European Respiratory Society Congress, held from Sept. 7 to 11 in Vienna.David J. Jackson, Ph.D., from King'

For patients starting long-term oxygen therapy for chronic, severe hypoxemia at rest, the risk for hospitalization or death within one year is comparable with long-term oxygen therapy for 24 or 15 hours per day, according to a study published online Sept. 10 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the European Respiratory Soc

The risk for lung cancer is high in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pulmonary complications, according to a study published online Sept. 3 in&nbsp;Modern Rheumatology.Shunsuke Mori, M.D., Ph.D., from the Kumamoto Saishun Medical Center in Koshi, Japan, and colleagues assessed the incidence and predictive factors of lung canc

A computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics nomogram model can achieve favorable efficacy for predicting low-risk patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), according to a study published online July 31 in Frontiers in Immunology.Nie Han, from Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to the Shanghai Universit

For older adults, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination is effective against RSV hospitalization, according to a study published online Sept. 4 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.Diya Surie, M.D., from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, and colleagues examined RSV vaccine effectiven

Just 5.9% of American middle and high school students now vape, a big drop from the 7.7% who did so a year ago, new government data shows.Put another way, about 1.6 million youth now say they used e-cigarettes at least once over the past month, compared to 2.1 million in 2023.Among those who say they vape, 23.6% said they do it on a dai

Lung function remains stable over three years after hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), according to a study published online June 26 in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.A. Parker Ruhl, M.D., from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues examined

Inhaler devices are a substantial source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, according to a research letter published online Aug. 29 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association.Jyothi Tirumalasetty, M.D., from the Stanford University School of Medicine in California, and colleagues assessed mean emissions in

Retailers will now be required to check the IDs of anyone buying cigarettes who is younger than 30 years of age, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced Thursday. The final rule, which wil

Demographic factors significantly influence long COVID symptom severity, according to a study published online Aug. 28 in&nbsp;JRSM Open.David Sunkersing, Ph.D., from University College London, and colleagues investigated long COVID symptoms self-reported (Nov. 30, 2020, to March 23, 2022) via a digital application from 1,008 individual

People with chronic liver disease (CLD) have a higher likelihood of barriers to health care, according to a study recently published in&nbsp;Gastro Hep Advances.Carrie R. Wong, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of California in Los Angeles, and colleagues compared the probability of barriers and recurrent acute care use among persons w

Adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have an increased risk for hospitalization, according to a study published online in the August issue of The&nbsp;American Journal of Gastroenterology.Ryan A. Smith, M.D., from University of Wisconsin in Madison, and colleagu

Physicians who adopt team-based documentation, defined as use of coauthored documentation with another clinical team member, experience increased visit volume and reduced documentation time, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in JAMA Internal Medicine.Nate C. Apathy, Ph.D., from the University of Maryland School of Public He

For patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, radiotherapy dose to discrete cardiac substructures is associated with pathophysiologically distinct arrhythmia classes, according to a study published online in the August issue of JACC: CardioOncology.Katelyn M. Atkins, M.D., Ph.D., from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los

Among patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), two-thirds of inhalers assessed at admission are misused, according to a study published in the July issue of&nbsp;Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases.Gaël Grandmaison, M.D., from the University and Hospital of Fribourg in Switzerland, and

Most Americans believe artificial intelligence should be used to improve health care, a new national survey reports.However, many are still a little queasy over some of the implications of widespread AI use, the <a href="https://wexnermedical.osu

From 2020 to 2021, life expectancy at birth declined for 39 U.S. states and increased for 11 states, according to the Aug. 21 National Vital Statistics Reports, a publication from the National Center for Health Statistics.Elizabeth Arias, Ph.D., from the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, and colleagues p

An artificial intelligence (AI) tool can exclude pathology, with an equal or lower rate of critical misses on radiographs than radiologists, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in Radiology.Louis Lind Plesner, M.D., from Herlev and Gentofte Hospital in Denmark, and colleagues estimated the proportion of unremarkable chest rad

Ahead of the 2024 election, more than half of older U.S. adults report being very concerned about the costs of medical care, according to a research letter published online Aug. 14 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association.John Z. Ayanian, M.D., from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues surveyed a natio

Simple alternative criteria for lung cancer screening (LCS) can identify high-benefit groups, especially among certain racial and ethnic-minority groups, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Noting that the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation for LCS may exclude some hi

Season of birth (SOB) is associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis, according to a letter to the editor published online July 19 in Clinical and Translational Allergy.Riikka Hänninen, from the University of Eastern Finland Joensuu in Kuopio, and colleagues examined the potential association of SOB with airway allergy and related dise

For children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (rRTIs), serum antibody levels are not associated with respiratory disease severity, but salivary polyreactive immunoglobulin (Ig)A and Haemophilus influenzae are associated with severity, according to a study published online Aug. 8 in the European Respiratory Journal.Mi

The Biden administration said Thursday that it has signed deals with drug companies that will lower the prices on 10 of the most popular and expensive drugs used by American seniors.Taxpayers should save $6 billion because of the new prices, while seniors using Medicare could save roughly $1.5 billion on their medications, the U.S. Centers for

Most clinicians show positive attitudes toward education in climate change, according to a study published online Aug. 8 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Wynne Armand, M.D., from the Center for the Environment and Health at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, and colleagues evaluated whether a quality incentive program measure for cli

Lung nodules are present in 42.0 percent of nonsmokers in a Northern European population, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in Radiology.Jiali Cai, M.D., from the University Medical Center Groningen in the Netherlands, and colleagues examined the prevalence and size distribution of solid lung nodules by age and sex in a non

There are discrepancies between labeled and measured concentrations of nicotine analogues in electronic cigarettes and e-cigarette liquids, according to a research letter published online Aug. 7 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Medical Association.Hanno C. Erythropel, Ph.D., from Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, and collea

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with a significantly increased risk for lung cancer, according to a study published online July 28 in&nbsp;Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology.Rebecca T. Brooks, M.D., from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and colleagues evaluated lung cancer risk in people with RA and RA-interstitial lung disease

For individuals after stroke, 12 weeks of short-interval high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is effective for improving cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak), according to a study published online Aug. 8 in StrokeKevin Moncion, P.T., Ph.D., from McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and colleagues conducted a mu

In 2023, there was a provisional total of 3,090,582 deaths in the United States, according to research published in the Aug. 8 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Farid B. Ahmad, M.P.H., from the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, and colleagues

ChatGPT is not accurate as a diagnostic tool, but does offer some medical educational benefits, according to a study published online July 31 in&nbsp;PLOS ONE.Ali Hadi, from the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry at Western University in London, Ontario, Canada, and colleagues investigated ChatGPT’s diagnostic accuracy and utili

There is a complex interaction among social determinants of health with mortality risk, but a scoring system is able to identify subgroups with a high risk for mortality, according to a study published online Aug. 5 in BMJ Open.Marie-Pier Bergeron-Boucher, Ph.D., from the Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics at Syddansk Uni

Discordant diagnoses from initial presentation to discharge occur in more than half of patients hospitalized and treated for pneumonia, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Barbara E. Jones, M.D., from the University of Utah and Salt Lake City VA Healthcare System, and colleagues examined the ev

Stringent state-level COVID-19 restrictions were associated with substantial decreases in pandemic mortality, according to a study published online July 26 in JAMA Health Forum.Christopher J. Ruhm, Ph.D., from the Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, examined how state rest

Among smokers, early menopause is associated with an increased risk for most lung diseases and poor outcomes, according to a study published online June 13 in&nbsp;Thorax.Xiaochun Gai, M.B.B.S., from the University of New Mexico School of Medicine in Albuquerque, and colleagues assessed whether early menopause due to surgery affects lu

People who've had a history of smoking can get lung cancer spotted early -- when it's most treatable -- through annual CT screening.Unfortunately, most Americans polled in a new survey didn't know this potentially lifesaving screen exists.“The survey

Wearing a surgical mask in public spaces is associated with a reduced risk for self-reported symptoms consistent with a respiratory infection, according to a study published online July 24 in The BMJ.Runar Barstad Solberg, Ph.D., from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health in Oslo, and colleagues conducted a pragmatic randomized su

Although about two-thirds of U.S. adults who smoked wanted to quit, only 8.8 percent of smokers quit in 2022, according to research published in the July 25 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.Brenna VanFrank, M.D., from the CDC in Atlanta, and colleagues used 2022 National

Eye-level communication by clinicians appears beneficial compared with standing at the bedside of inpatients, according to a review published online July 17 in the&nbsp;Journal of General Internal Medicine.Nathan Houchens, M.D., from the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, and colleagues conducted a systematic literatur

Use of nasal sprays and a behavioral intervention promoting physical activity and stress management can reduce antibiotic use for respiratory illness, according to a study published online July 11 in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.Paul Little, M.B.B.S., M.D., from the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom, and colleagues exa

Pesticide usage is associated with an increased incidence of cancer, according to a study published online July 25 in Frontiers in Cancer Control and Society.Jacob Gerken, D.O., from the Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine in Englewood, Colorado, and colleagues examined the relationship between pesticides and cancer

Wildfires raging across the western parts of the United States and Canada are prompting air quality alerts and evacuation orders.Smoke and haze have filled the skies in California, Oregon, Arizona, Washington, and several other western states: As of Wednesday, there were 79 large, active wildfires that have burned over 1.4 million acres across t

Childhood exposure to air pollution is associated with adult bronchitic symptoms, according to a study published online June 25 in the&nbsp;American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.Erika Garcia, Ph.D., M.P.H., from University of Southern California in Los Angeles, and colleagues evaluated associations between childho

There is a causal association between genetically predicted rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and increased risk of bronchiectasis, according to a study published online June 19 in Frontiers in Medicine.Yuanyuan Li, from the Wuhan Fourth Hospital in China, and colleagues obtained RA genome-wide association study (GWAS) data and bronchiectasi

Arizona health officials are reporting an increase in hantavirus infections, which are spread by rodents and can cause severe respiratory illness.In a recent health alert, the Arizona Department of Health Service

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults, even those younger than 40 years, according to a study published online June 6 in the&nbsp;Journal of the American Heart Association.Chance Strenth, Ph.D., from University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, and collea

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Thursday authorized the sale of the country's best-selling e-cigarette.The agency's <a href="https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/ctp-newsroom/fda-authorizes-marketing-vuse-alto-tobacco-flavored-e-cigarette-pods-and-accompanying-power-unit?utm_campaign=ctp-pmta&amp;utm_content=statement&amp;utm_medium=ema

Current asthma, head colds, and tonsillitis at age 7 years are associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) at midlife, according to a study published online July 10 in Allergy.Jennifer L. Perret, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., from the University of Melbourne in Australia, and colleagues examined relationships of respiratory infective/allergic cond

During the omicron era, hospital-onset severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remained associated with increased morbidity and mortality, according to a study published online July 16 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Michael Klompas, M.D., M.P.H., from Harvard Medical School and the Harvard Pilgrim Heal

Women in the health care workforce are more likely to experience verbal abuse, sexual harassment, and bullying, while men are more likely to experience physical violence, according to a study published online July 2 in PLOS Global Public Health.Sioban Nelson, R.N., Ph.D., from the University of Toronto, and colleagues conducted a scopin

Prenatal vaccination with a nonadjuvanted bivalent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F (RSVpreF) protein subunit vaccine is not associated with an increased risk for preterm birth (PTB), according to a study published online July 8 in JAMA Network Open.In a retrospective observational cohort study, Moeun Son, M.D., from the We

Nicotine absorption is much lower in children who are exposed to secondhand vapor versus secondhand smoke, but it is still higher than among those exposed to neither, according to a study published online July 11 in JAMA Network Open.Harry Tattan-Birch, Ph.D., from University College London, and colleagues compared nicotine absorption a

For patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), pulsed field ablation (PFA) demonstrates a favorable safety profile, according to a study published online July 8 in Nature Medicine.Emmanuel Ekanem, M.D., from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, and colleagues examined the safety of PFA by studying postapproval us

Lupus is caused by a specific defect in the immune system that can be reversed, potentially curing the autoimmune disorder, a new study claims.The disease appears to be caused by malfunctions in an immune system pathway that regulates cells’ response to environmental pollutants, bacteria and toxins.Insufficient activation of this pathwa

Nirsevimab therapy is effective for reducing the risk for hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated bronchiolitis among infants, according to a study published in the July 11 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.Zein Assad, M.D., from the Robert Debré University Hospital in Paris, and colleagues conduct

Incentivizing smoking cessation increases smoking cessation through 12 weeks, but not at 26 weeks, when missing data are treated as smoking, according to a study published online July 2 in JAMA Network Open.Darla E. Kendzor, Ph.D., from the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City, and colleagues randomly assign

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is recommended for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and appears to have good long-term outcomes, according to a study published online June 27 in JAMA Oncology.Stephen G. Chun, M.D., from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, and colleagues compared long-

Electronic cigarette use is associated with a lower use of lung cancer screening (LCS), according to a research letter published online July 2 in JAMA Network Open.Qian Wang, M.D., M.P.H., from the University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center in Cleveland, and colleagues examined the association between e-cigarette use and LCS uptake in a

Pandemic-associated physician revenue recovery in 2021 and 2022 varied by specialty and practice type, according to a study published in the July issue of&nbsp;Health Affairs.Ravi B. Parikh, M.D., from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, and colleagues assessed pandemic-related impact on physician revenue (2020 to 2022) and h

Higher COVID-19 vaccination rates are associated with a lower prevalence of parent-reported childhood asthma symptoms, according to a research letter published online July 3 in JAMA Network Open.Matthew M. Davis, M.D., from Nemours Children's Health in Wilmington, Delaware, and Lakshmi K. Halasyamani, M.D., from Endeavor Health in Eva

U.S. health officials announced Tuesday that the federal government will pay Moderna $176 million to speed development of a pandemic flu vaccine based on mRNA technology.Such a vaccine could be used to treat bird flu in people, as concern grows about&nbsp;H5N1 cases spreading in dairy cows&nbsp;across the country, the U.S. Department of Health a

The mean cost of developing a new drug for the U.S. market is estimated to be $879.3 million when both drug development failure and capital costs are considered, according to a study published online June 28 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Aylin Sertkaya, Ph.D., from Eastern Research Group Inc., in Lexington, Massachusetts, and colleagues ass

In a case that will test the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's authority to approve or reject new vaping products, the U.S. Supreme Court said Tuesday it will weigh whether the agency was legally allowed to ban flavored e-cigarettes.In recent years, the FDA has declined to approve flavored vapes, saying they pose a health risk because they enc

For patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), amivantamab-lazertinib yields improved progression-free survival compared with osimertinib as first-line treatment, according to a study published online June 26 in the New England Journal of Medicine.Byoung C. Cho, M.D., Ph.D., from the Yonsei Cancer Ce

As bird flu continues to spread among U.S. dairy cows, reassuring new government research finds the pasteurization process widely used in the industry effectively kills all bird flu virus in milk.In a health update&nbsp;poste

Metabolic surgery is associated with significantly lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared with nonsurgical management among patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity, according to a study published online June 21 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Ali Aminian,

Patients with severe asthma initiating biologics exhibit clinical responses and super-responses, but 40 to 50 percent do not meet response criteria, according to a study published online June 22 in Allergy.Eve Denton, M.B.B.S., from Alfred Health in Melbourne, Australia, and colleagues examined responsiveness to biologics in a real-worl

In new vaccination guidance issued Wednesday, U.S. health officials now recommend that all Americans aged 75 and older get an RSV vaccine before fall arrives.However, those a bit younger -- ages 60 to 74 -- should only seek the shot if they are vulnerable to severe RSV because of chronic medical conditions such as lung or heart disease, or if

Tirzepatide reduces the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) among individuals with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea and obesity, according to a study published online June 21 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Diabetes Association, held from June 21 to 24 in Orlando, Florida.At

Patients who have smoked with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an obstructive pattern may be a unique phenotype, according to a study published online June 17 in&nbsp;RMD Open.Keigo Hayashi, M.P.H., from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and colleagues compared longitudinal changes in spirometric measures over five to seven years be

As scorching summer temperatures drive Americans indoors and millions travel for vacations and family gatherings, COVID infections are again climbing, U.S. health officials warned Monday.In evidence that suggests a COVID summer wave is underway, case counts are most likely&nbsp;increasing in 39 states&nbsp;and aren’t declining anywhere in the c

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has expanded the approval of Elevidys (delandistrogene moxeparvovec-rokl), a gene therapy for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in individuals ≥4 years with DMD with a confirmed mutation in the DMD gene.Elevidys is a single-dose, intravenous recombinant gene therapy designed to prod

Moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise training are associated with improvements in clinical asthma outcomes, according to a study published online June 9 in the&nbsp;Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: in Practice.Sarah R. Valkenborghs, Ph.D., from the University of Newcastle in Callaghan, Australia, and colleagues c

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's decision to authorize the first menthol-flavored e-cigarettes has drawn the the ire of health advocates who say the decision undermines efforts to end the youth vaping epidemic in America.In its approval of four flavored vaping products made by Njoy, the agency defended its decision.“Based upon our

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the Capvaxive pneumococcal 21-valent conjugate vaccine for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia in adults.Capvaxive is specifically designed to help protect adults against the serotypes that cause the majority of invasive pneumococcal&nbsp;disease cases, inc

The overall prevalence of up-to-date (UTD) lung cancer screening (LCS) was low in 2022, with prevalence increasing with age and number of comorbidities, according to a study published online June 10 in JAMA Internal Medicine.Priti Bandi, Ph.D., from the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, and colleagues estimated the contemporary preval

Varenicline and nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes (ECs) are both effective in helping individuals in quitting smoking conventional cigarettes, according to a study published online June 17 in&nbsp;JAMA Internal Medicine.Anna Tuisku, Ph.D., from Lapland Central Hospital in Finland, and colleagues randomly assigned 458 particip

In 2023, 7.6 percent of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population was uninsured, according to early estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 2023, released by the National Center for Health Statistics.Robin A. Cohen, Ph.D., from the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, and colleagues used data from

Hospital volumes for pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) rose significantly following the pandemic, along with the need for advanced respiratory support in older children with fewer comorbidities, according to a study published online June 13 in&nbsp;JAMA Network Open.Zachary A. Winthrop, M.D., from Boston Children’s Hospital,

In a success story for Americans seeking affordable healthcare coverage, tax credits put in place during the pandemic helped millions gain health insurance, a new report found.Trouble is, the credits are set to expire at the end of 2025, noted a research team from the nonprofit Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJ).According to RWJ's <a h

Pantoprazole results in a significantly lower risk for clinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding than placebo, with no increase in mortality, among patients undergoing invasive ventilation, according to a study published online June 14 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual Critical Care Reviews Meeting,

For critically ill adults undergoing tracheal intubation, preoxygenation with noninvasive ventilation results in lower incidence of hypoxemia than preoxygenation with an oxygen mask, according to a study published online June 13 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual Critical Care Reviews Meeting, held from June 12

There is no evidence to suggest that administration of live vaccines to patients receiving dupilumab is unsafe, and vaccine efficacy is not affected by dupilumab, according to a position paper published online June 5 in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology.Noting that dupilumab targets the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor alpha sub

Health care spending growth is projected to outpace that of the gross domestic product (GDP) during the coming decade, according to a study published online June 12 in Health Affairs.Jacqueline A. Fiore, Ph.D., from the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services in Baltimore, and colleagues projected growth in national health expend

For individuals with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the risks for death and postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) reduce over three years but persist, especially among hospitalized individuals, according to a study published online May 30 in Nature Medicine.Miao Cai, Ph.D., from the Veterans Af

Johnson &amp; Johnson will pay $700 million to settle claims from 42 states and the District of Columbia that the company continued to market its talcum powder products even as evidence tied them to a heightened risk for cancer.J&amp;J did not admit to any wrongdoing in settling with the states, which were led by Florida, Texas and North Carol

The burden of adverse effects of medical treatment (AEMT) is increasing, with the proportion of all cases accounted for by the increasing rates seen in older adults, according to a study published online June 11 in BMJ Quality &amp; Safety.Liangquan Lin, from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking University Medical Col

Generation X is experiencing larger per-capita increases in the incidence of cancers than Baby Boomers, according to a study published online June 10 in JAMA Network Open.Philip S. Rosenberg, Ph.D., and Adalberto Miranda-Filho, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, estimated invasive cancer incidence trends

A new proposed definition for Long COVID could help patients get the help they need, a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine says.Long COVID is a chronic condition that occurs after COVID-19 infection and is present f

Seafood lovers should steer clear of shellfish from Oregon and Washington state because of possible contamination with a paralyzing toxin, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has warned.In an <a href="https://www.fda.gov/food/alerts-advisories-safety-information/fda-advises-restaurants-and-retailers-not-serve-or-sell-and-consumers-not-eat-cer

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced Monday that it has joined up with the Department of Justice and several other federal agencies to do more to stop the sale of illegal e-cigarettes in this country.In launching the newly created task force, the FDA aims "to coordinate and streamline efforts to bring all available criminal and civil

A higher Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) is associated with a lower risk for total and cause-specific mortality, according to a study published online June 10 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.Linh P. Bui, M.D., Ph.D., from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, and colleagues developed a PHDI to quantif

Lung cancer screening (LCS) is associated with earlier-stage diagnoses and improved survival, according to a study published online June 10 in Cancer.Donna M. Edwards, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues examined the impact of LCS among patients in the Veterans Health Administration (VA) health care

A novel blood-based lung cancer screening test has been developed and validated using genome-wide sequencing to analyze cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentation profiles, according to a study published online June 3 in Cancer Discovery.Noting that changes in genome-wide cfDNA fragmentation profiles (fragmentomes) in peripheral blood reflect

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Friday has for the first time approved the use of a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine for people in their 50s who are at increased risk for the illness.Drugmaker GSK's Arexvy vaccine, as well as vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna, are already approved

A ban on Juul e-cigarettes has been reversed, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced Thursday.Why? The agency said it needs to review both new court decisions and updated data from the vape maker. While the company's e-cigarettes are back under review, they have not been fully cleared for sale in this country, the FDA said in its&nbsp;<a

For patients with non-small cell lung cancer with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant, ivonescimab plus chemotherapy improves progression-free survival, according to a study published online May 31 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinica

Popular smoking cessation aids are equally effective in those with or without a history of mental health conditions, according to a study published online June 4 in&nbsp;PLOS Mental Health.Sarah E. Jackson, Ph.D., from University College London, and colleagues examined whether the real-world effectiveness of popular smoking cessation a

A 59-year-old person in Mexico is the first human in the world known to be infected with the H5N2 strain of avian flu, and the patient died of complications linked to the illness, the World Health Organization reported Wednesday.H5N1 and H5N2 strains of avian f

For patients with unresectable stage III EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), treatment with osimertinib results in significantly longer progression-free survival, according to a study published online June 2 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical On

Race-neutral metrics more accurately predict the risk for death and exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a study published online April 11 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.Enrico Schiavi, M.D., from the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Roma in Italy, and colleagu

Amid an ongoing outbreak of bird flu in dairy cows, there's been a third case of H5N1 avian flu confirmed in a dairy worker, U.S. health officials reported Thursday.The previous two human cases -- the first in Texas, the second in Michigan, where this latest case also occurred -- involved only a brief discomfort of the eyes, linked to conjuncti

From 2007 to 2019, there was an increase in inflation-adjusted health care spending, largely due to increasing contributions to premiums, according to a research letter published online May 28 in JAMA Internal Medicine.Sukruth A. Shashikumar, M.D., from the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, and colleagues conducted a cro

There are systemic disparities in definitive cancer treatment delivery at minority-serving hospitals (MSHs) versus non-MSHs, according to a study published online May 27 in Cancer.Edoardo Beatrici, M.D., from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and colleagues used data from the National Cancer Database for 2010 to 2019 to examine pa

Only 14.5 percent of adult patients with moderate or severe asthma are prescribed the recommended Single Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART) inhaler regimen, according to a study presented at the American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, held from May 17 to 22 in San Diego.Zoe Zimmerman, from the Yale School of Medicine in N

Life expectancy and age-standardized disease burden are expected to continue improving between 2022 and 2050, according to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, published in the May 18 issue of The Lancet.Stein Emil Vollset, M.D., M.P.H., and colleagues from the GBD 2021 Forecasting Collaborators provide a reference forecast and a